自水解对速生杨木片碱浸渍性能影响的研究
江骁雅 侯庆喜* 岳 珍 张宏雷 刘 苇 冯进朝
（天津科技大学造纸学院，天津市制浆造纸重点实验室，天津，300457）
摘 要：探索了不同强度自水解预处理后速生杨木边材木片和心材木片的基本物理性质变化，并对自水解预处理后木片的碱液浸渍效果及各方向的浸渍情况进行了分析。结果表明，经自水解预处理后，边材木片和心材木片的基本密度减小，体积孔隙率及饱和含水率增大，而骨架密度几乎保持不变；自水解预处理后的木片在碱液预浸渍过程中，NaOH的吸收量和消耗量都随自水解强度的提高而增大；在对自水解预处理后边材木片各方向的碱液浸渍过程进行研究时发现，边材木片的轴向、径向和弦向的碱液浸渍性能在自水解预处理后都得到了不同程度的提升，且轴向的提升幅度较径向和弦向更加明显。综上所述，对速生杨木片进行自水解预处理能够增强其在后续碱液浸渍过程中的浸渍效果。
关键词：速生杨木；自水解；碱液预浸渍；物理性质
中图分类号：TS711
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.001
Effect of Autohydrolysis Pretreatment on the Subsequent Alkali Impregnation of
Fast-growing Poplar Wood Chips
JIANG Xiao-ya HOU Qing-xi* YUE Zhen ZHANG Hong-lei LIU Wei FENG Jin-chao
（College of Papermaking Science and Technology, Tianjin Key Lab of Pulp and Paper,
Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457）
（*E-mail: qingxihou@tust.edu.cn）
Abstract：The basic physical properties of autohydrolyzed fast-growing poplar wood chips were investigated. The alkali impregnation efficiency and the impregnation performance in different directions of autohydrolyzed poplar wood chips in the subsequent alkali impregnation process were also explored. The results showed that, after autohydrolysis pretreatment, the basic densities of poplar sapwood and heartwood chips all decreased, their volume porosities and saturated moisture contents increased, while their skeletal densities almost kept constant. When autohydrolyzed poplar wood chips were carried out alkali impregnation the absorption amounts of NaOH solution and consumption of NaOH increased with increasing of autohydrolysis intensity. The alkali impregnation performances of the sapwood chips in the axial, radial and tangential directions were improved in varying degrees, and the improvement in the axial direction was much more obvious than that in the radial and tangential directions. All of these indicated that the autohydrolysis pretreatment for fast-growing poplar wood chips could enhance their impregnation efficiency in the subsequent alkali impregnation process．
Key words：fast-growing poplar; autohydrolysis; alkali impregnation; physical properties
亚麻浆新型ZEMP漂白工艺研究
何 甜1 刘明友1 肖仙英1 陈 霞1 李劲松2
(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640；
2.牡丹江恒丰纸业股份有限公司，黑龙江牡丹江，157013）
摘 要：以亚麻浆为原料，对其进行ZEMP（臭氧、碱处理、M助剂脱木素、过氧化氢）的漂白研究，探讨了漂白过程洗涤水循环回用对纸浆漂白性能和废水污染负荷的影响，比较了4种不同漂白工艺流程（ZEMP、CED、OZED、OPZP）的漂白结果和废水污染负荷。结果表明，ZEMP为亚麻浆的最佳漂白工艺流程。采用ZEMP漂白工艺对亚麻浆进行漂白，且洗涤水循环回用，不仅可以得到漂白性能良好的纸浆，且漂白后废水的CODCr、BOD5和色度均较低。
关键词：ZEMP；漂白性能；废水回用；污染负荷
中图分类号：TS745
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.002
Study on the ZEMP Bleaching of Flax Pulp in Law Consistency Condition
HE Tian1,* LIU Ming-you1 XIAO Xian-ying1 CHEN Xia1 LI Jin-song2
(1. State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640;
2. Mudanjiang Hengfeng Paper Co., Ltd., Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, 157013）
（*E-mail: 983196476@qq.com）
Abstract：The ZEMP four stage bleaching of flax pulp in low consistency pulp condition was studied. The influence of water circulation on bleaching performance and wastewater pollution load was investigated. The bleaching results and wastewater pollution loads of 4 different bleaching sequences （ZEMP, CED, OZED, OPZP） were compared. The results showed that ZEMP was the best bleaching process for flax pulp. ZEMP bleaching of flax pulp could not only obtain good bleach properties of bleaching pulp, but also the CODCr, BOD5 and chromaticity of bleaching wastewater were lower．
Key words：ZEMP; bleaching properties; wastewater reuse; pollution load
逆流提取工艺中浆料浓度对
黑液提取率的影响
韦之敏 李友明 刘祥星 孙起慧 侯 轶*
（华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640）
摘 要：为定量探究碱回收工艺中浆料浓度对黑液提取率的影响，本研究以烧碱法红松浆和黑液为原料，采用逆流提取工艺，对不同浆浓的黑液提取率及浆料洁净度进行研究。结果表明，相比于15%浆浓，35%浆浓的黑液提取率从75.61%显著增加到98.19%。高浓提取不仅能有效促进碱回收，还可明显提高纸浆洁净度。浆料经过三段提取后35%浆浓的总残碱去除率、CODCr和BOD5提取率分别为96.01%、95.0%和98.0%。浆中残余CODCr和BOD5的大幅降低，不仅从源头上减少了污染物进入后续漂白和造纸工艺，还可提高漂白效率、降低漂白废水的污染负荷和毒性。
关键词：浆浓；逆流提取；黑液提取率；有机污染负荷
中图分类号：X793
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.003
The Influence of Stock Consistency on Extraction Efficiency of Black Liquor in
Countercurrent Extraction Process
WEI Zhi-min LI You-ming LIU Xiang-xing SUN Qi-hui HOU Yi*
（State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640）
（*E-mail: ceyhou@scut.edu.cn）
Abstract：In order to quantitatively incertigate the effect of stock consistency on extraction efficiency of black liquor, the pulp and black liquor were prepared by pulping of red pine and the countercurrent extraction process was applied to extract the black liquor. The results showed that extraction in 35% stock consistency could promote the recovery of alkali effectively compared with extraction in 15% stock consistency, the extraction efficiency of black liquor significantly increased from 75.61% to 98.19% when extraction in stock consistency increasing from 15% to 35%. In addition, the high consistency extraction could improve the cleanliness of the stock, the alkali removal rate and the extraction rate of CODCr and BOD5 were 96.01%, 95% and 98% respectively after three stage extraction under 35% stock consistency, which significantly reduced the residual CODCr and BOD5. This indicated that high consistency extraction could reduced the pollutants from the source which entered to the subsequent bleaching and papermaking process, it was of benefit to improve the efficiency of bleaching processes, reduce the pollution load and toxicity of bleach effluents．
Key words：stock consistency; countercurrent extraction; extraction efficiency of black liquor; organic pollution load
·竹浆黑液黏弹性·
作者简介：岳小鹏先生，博士，讲师；主要从事生物质复合材料的研究。
高浓竹浆黑液高温动态黏弹性研究
岳小鹏1，2 杜 鑫1，2，3 徐永建1，2，*
（1.陕西科技大学陕西省造纸技术及特种纸品开发重点实验室，陕西西安，710021；
2.轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心（陕西科技大学），陕西西安，710021;
3.陕西科技大学机电工程学院，陕西西安，710021）
摘 要：实现造纸黑液的高浓燃烧已成为碱回收单元的发展趋势，了解并掌握高浓黑液的流变学性质对优化改进黑液燃烧技术具有重要意义。本研究利用动态流变仪对高浓竹浆黑液的动态黏弹性进行了研究，阐明了储能模量（G′）、损耗模量（G″）、损耗因子（tanδ）与动态黏度（η′）的变化规律。结果表明，高浓竹浆黑液在高温下表现出较强的弹性固体性质，动态黏度呈现出显著的剪切稀化特性。提高温度有助于黑液软化，缩短链段松弛时间，降低动态黏度，减小流动阻力。Cross模型可以很好地描述高温条件下高浓竹浆黑液η′与角频率（ω）的关系，但Carreau-Yasuada模型不适用于描述耗散角（δ）与ω的关系。
关键词：竹浆黑液；动态黏弹性；储能模量；动态黏度
中图分类号：X793
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.004
Dynamic Viscoelasticity of Thick Bamboo Kraft Pulping Black Liquor at High Temperature
YUE Xiao-peng1,2 DU Xin1,2,3 XU Yong-jian1,2,*
（1. Shaanxi Province Key Lab of Papermaking Technology and Specialty Paper, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian,
Shaanxi Province, 710021;
2. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light National Demonstration Center
（Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710021;
3. College of Mechanical and
Electrical Engineer, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710021）
（*E-mail: xuyongjian@sust.edu.cn）
Abstract：It has become a development trend that the black liquor was burned at a high solid content in alkali recovery unit. Hence, it is significant to learn and master the rheological properties of thick black liquor in order to optimize the combustion technology. The change rules of storage modulus G′, loss modulus G″, loss factor tanδ and dynamic viscosity η′, which were important indicators of the dynamic viscoelasticity of thick bamboo kraft pulping black liquor, were investigated by using a rotational rheometer in this article. The results proved that thick black liquor still exhibited obvious elastic solid properties at high temperature. In addition, dynamic viscosity showed distinct shear-thinning behavior. Black liquor could be softened by increasing the temperature. meanwhile the relaxation time of chain segments and dynamic viscosity were decreased, therefor, the flow resistance of black liquor was reduced. Cross model could very well describe the relation between η′ of thick black liquor and angular frequency ω under high temperature conditions. However, the Carreau-Yasuada model could not be used to describe the relation between loss angle δ and ω．
Key words：bamboo kraft black liquor; dynamic viscoelasticity; storage modulus; dynamic viscosity
氧化改性木素磺酸钙的制备
及其对水泥净浆的影响
贾陆军1 雷永林2 蒋 勇1
（1.绵阳职业技术学院材料工程系，四川绵阳，621000；
2.西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院，四川绵阳，621000）
摘 要：采用H2O2对木素磺酸钙进行氧化改性处理，通过正交实验确定最佳改性条件，再对改性产物进行红外光谱（FT -IR）分析和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征，并对比了改性前后木素磺酸钙对水泥净浆流动度和水泥早期水化产物的影响。结果表明，改性后的木素磺酸钙吸附能力大大增强，当在水泥净浆中掺加 0.6%的改性木素磺酸钙后，水泥净浆流动度提高了67%。X射线衍射仪(XRD)的测试结果表明，改性前后木素磺酸钙均会抑制Ca（OH）2的生成，但改性后抑制效果减弱，一定程度上减弱了木素磺酸钙对水泥的缓凝作用。
关键词：木素磺酸钙；改性；流动度
中图分类号：TS711
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.005
Preparation of Oxidation Modified Calcium Lignosulphonate and Its
Influenc on Cement Paste
JIA Lu-jun1,* LEI Yong-lin2 JIANG Yong1
（1. Department of Materials Engineering, Mianyang Polytechnic, Mianyang, Sichuan Province, 621000;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan Province, 621000）
（*E-mail: 82886496@qq.com）
Abstract：Calcium lignosulphonate（CL）was oxidation modified by hydrogen peroxide, and orthogonal test was carried out to study the best modifiecation conditions. The modified calcium lignosulphonate（MCL） was characterized by FT-IR and SEM, and the influences of CL, MCL on paste and hydration products of cement were studied. The results showed that, MCL had a good adsorption capacity, and the fluidity of cement paste adding 0.6% MCL was increased by 67% compared with the paste adding 0.6% CL. The XRD test results indicated that, both CL and MCL restrained cement to create Ca（OH）2, but the sertraining effect of MCL became weaker, to some extent, weakened its function of delaying cogulation of cement parte．
Key words：calcium lignosulphonate; modified; fluidity
冷冻干燥法制备纤维素基
多孔材料的研究
马珊珊1，2 张美云1，* 杨 斌1 苏治平1 宋顺喜1
（1.陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院，中国轻工业纸基功能材料重点实验室，陕西西安，
710021；2.轻化工程国家级实验教学示范中心（陕西科技大学），陕西西安，710021）
摘 要：以植物纤维为原料，研究了利用冷冻干燥法制备纤维素基多孔材料过程中纤维悬浮液浓度和冷冻温度对多孔材料微观结构和性能的影响，并探讨了冷冻过程中冰晶对纤维的作用方式和多孔材料微观结构的形成机制。结果表明，随着纤维悬浮液浓度的升高，冰晶的结构从平面状演变为层状，导致多孔材料的Z向微观形貌从各向同性转变为各向异性层状孔隙结构，有助于提高其抗欧拉失稳能力，使应力-应变曲线平压区缩短，密实化区向低应变点偏移。随着冷冻温度降低，冰晶凝固前沿处纤维受到的黏滞阻力增大，从而使其被冰晶吞没而均匀分散，材料两面差减少；另外，降低冷冻温度可降低层状冰晶的厚度，使多孔材料Z向孔隙尺寸减小，有助于提高其抵抗应力变形的能力，使应力-应变曲线中的密实化区向低应变点偏移。
关键词：植物纤维；冷冻干燥；多孔材料；悬浮液浓度；冷冻温度
中图分类号：TS767
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.006
Study on the Preparation of Cellulose-based Porous Material by Freeze-drying Process
MA Shan-shan1,2 ZHANG Mei-yun1,* YANG Bin1 SU Zhi-ping1 SONG Shun-xi1
（1. College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Key Lab Paper Based
Functional Materials, China National Light Industry, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710021;
2. National Demonstration Center for
Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education （Shaanxi University of Science & Technology）, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710021）
（*E-mail: myzhang@sust.edu.cn ）
Abstract：In this study, a cellulose-based porous material was prepared from plant fibers by freeze-drying technique. The effect of the solid content of fiber suspension and freeze-temperature on the microstructure and properties of the prepared porous materials was investigated. Meanwhile, the action and formation mechanisms of ice crystal on the fibers during freezing process and the microstructure of final porous material were discussed. The results revealed that the increase of solid content of fiber suspension could transform the Z direction microstructure of final porous material from an isotropic architecture to an anisotropic lamellar porous structure which could prevent Euler buckling of porous materials, leading to the shortening of plateau curve and the shiftment of densification curve to lower strain percentage in stress-strain curve. With the decreasing of freeze-temperature, the viscous resistance acting on the fibers at the solidification front of ice crystal was enhanced, thus the fibers had uniform distribution as it were swallowed by ice crystal and resulting in the porous materials with less two-sidedness. In addition, porous material produced at lower freeze-temperature owned smaller pores due to the thickness of lamellar ice crystal was reduced, which improved its ability to resist stress and deformation, leading to the densification region in stress-strain curve occurred at lower strain point．
Key words：plant fibers; freeze-drying; porous material; the solid content of fiber suspension; freeze-temperature
钛白粉-高岭土复合填料的制备及应用
衣 然1 惠岚峰1，2 刘 忠1，* 邸淑美2
（1.天津科技大学造纸学院，天津，300457；
2.山东鲁南新材料股份有限公司，山东临沂，276100）
摘 要：采用机械化学法用钛白粉包覆高岭土制备造纸用复合填料，通过正交实验、采用白度和遮盖力作为主要指标得出适宜的制备工艺条件。实验得到的最佳制备工艺条件为：分散剂用量0.3%、高岭土与钛白粉的比例5∶5、复合研磨时间0.5 h、研磨浓度45%。在此制备工艺条件下制得的复合填料的白度为92.5%，遮盖力为30.33 g/m2。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱（FT-IR）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析钛白粉包覆高岭土的效果。结果表明，钛白粉包覆高岭土不是简单的物理吸附，而是发生了化学反应，钛白粉与高岭土之间有化学键Si—O—Ti和Al—O—Ti的形成，晶型结构发生了变化，包覆效果良好。复合填料与钛白粉的白度和遮盖力接近，将复合填料替代钛白粉添加到纸张中，加填纸的物理性能接近钛白粉加填纸的。
关键词：机械化学法；钛白粉；高岭土；复合填料；造纸应用
中图分类号：TS753.9
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.007
Preparation and Application of Titanium Dioxide-kaolin Composite Filler
YI Ran1 HUI Lan-feng1,2 LIU Zhong1,* DI Shu-mei2
（1. College of Papermaking Science and Technology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457;
2. Shandong Lunan New Materials Co., Ltd., Linyi , Shangdong Province, 276100）
（*E-mail: mglz@tust.edu.cn）
Abstract：Titanium dioxide-kaolin composite filler was prepared by mechanochemical method. The suitable compositing conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment. Brightness and covering ability were used to evaluate the effect of composite filler. The optimum compositing conditions were as follows: the dosage of dispersant was 0.3%, m（titanium dioxide）∶m（kaolin）was 5∶5, the grinding time was 0.5 h and the grinding concentration was 45% . Under these conditions, the composite product had good performance; The brightness and covering performance were 92.46% and 30.33 g/m2 respectively. The analysis of composite fillers by SEM, FTIR and XRD showed that the cladding of kaolin with titanium dioxide was not a simple physical reaction, but a chemical reaction. The Si—O—Ti and Al—O—Ti chemical bonds were formed between titanium dioxide and kaolin. So the composite fillers crystal structure changed, and the cladding effect was sigrinbicant. The composite fillers could be substituted for titanium dioxide using in paper. The brightness and covering performance of the composite filler were close to that of titanium dioxide. And the physical index of the paper filled with composite fillers was similar to that of pure titanium dioxide．
Key words：mechanochemical method; titanium dioxide; kaolin; composite filler; papermaking application
生活用纸质量监控与
异常分析方法的研究
汪 涵 李继庚* 满 奕 曾志强 王 波
（华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640）
摘 要：某生活用纸制造企业以单变量标杆值来检测产品质量合格与否，未考虑各变量之间的相关性，该种检测方法必将导致误判率提高。如今国内外已将统计过程控制模型应用在质量监控中，但是生活用纸包含多种质量变量，仅对某一单独变量进行监控显然不够。基于此本课题提出多变量统计过程控制模型，该模型在单变量统计过程控制（SPC）基础上从整体角度对产品质量进行监控。并将该模型运用在江门某生活用纸制造企业的产品质量监控与分析上，找出质量异常的产品，并结合综合变量贡献率来分析异常原因。最后通过引入10组故障点验证模型的准确度，结果表明，本课题研究方法有效可行。
关键词：生活用纸；多变量统计过程控制；质量分析；异常识别
中图分类号：TS736
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.008
Study on Quality Monitoring and Abnormal Analysis Method for Tissue Paper
WANG Han LI Ji-geng* MAN Yi ZENG Zhi-qiang WANG Bo
（State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640）
（*E-mail: jigengli@scut.edu.cn）
Abstract：The quality of tissue paper directly affect its sales market. A tissue paper mill tests the value of a single variable to determine whether qualified the product is without taking into account the integrity of the variables, this test method will lead to increase of misjudgment rate. Nowadays, the statistical process control model has been applied in quality monitoringat at home and abroad, tissue paper contains a variety of quality variables, evidently only a single variable monitoring is not enough. Therefore, the Multivariable Statistical Process Control （MSPC） model was proposed in this paper, which monitored the product quality from the overall perspective on the basis of SPC. And the model was applied to the product quality monitoring and analysis in a tissue paper mill in Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, to find out the abnormal product and analyze the abnormal reason with the contribution rate of the integrated variable. Finally, the accuracy of the model was verified by introducing 10 sets of fault points. The results showed that the MSPC method was effective and feasible for quality monitoring．
Key words：tissue paper; multivariate statistical process control; quality analysis; abnormal identification
模糊PID在卫生纸机烘缸
进出口差压控制中的应用
汤 伟1 孙小乐2，* 佘 都1 杨润珊1 袁志敏1
（1.陕西科技大学电气与信息工程学院，陕西西安,710021;
2.陕西科技大学机电工程学院，陕西西安,710021）
摘 要：烘缸进出口差压是表征烘缸是否积水的一个重要参数，通常处于波动状态。在实际控制中的通常做法是利用PID控制算法将其控制于一个具体的数值，但由于烘缸排水的非均匀性，导致上述控制目的难以达到。因此，本课题提出一种利用“模糊”思想来控制卫生纸机扬克烘缸进出口差压的新方法，将烘缸进出口差压分成五个区段进行模糊化，再利用模糊控制算法来调整PID控制器参数，控制扬克烘缸进汽热泵的开度，从而达到控制烘缸进出口差压的目的，使得烘缸进出口差压稳定在一个合适的范围内。通过仿真及应用表明，系统中热泵开度变化平稳，烘缸进出口差压被控制在许可范围内，烘缸能保持长期不积水状态。
关键词：模糊PID；可调热泵；烘缸进出口差压
中图分类号：TS736
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.009
Application of Fuzzy PID in Differential Pressure Control of
Dryer Inlet and Outlet of Tissue Paper Machine
TANG Wei1 SUN Xiao-le2,* SHE Du1 YANG Run-shan1 YUAN Zhi-min1
（1. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710021;
2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710021）
（*E-mail: 471497037@qq.com）
Abstract：The differential pressure of dryer inlet and outlet which isusually in a fluctuating state, is an important parameter indicating whether the dryer has accumulated water, Generally, the control strategy is use PID control algorithm to keep it in a specific value. The nonuniform drainage of the dryer results the differential pressure of dryer inlet and outlet in a normal fluctuation state, so the control purpose is difficult to achieve. In this paper, a new method to control the differential pressure of dryer inlet and outlet was proposed, in which “fuzzy” theory was applied to divide the differential pressure into five ranges and to adjust PID controller parameters for controlling the heat pump opening of the Yanke dryer, keeping the differential pressure of dryer inlet and outlet in a suitable range. Simulation and application showed that the heat pump opening changed smoothly, the differential pressure of dryer inlet and outlet was controlled within a certain range that ensured the dryer could maintain a state．
Key words：fuzzy PID; adjustable heat pump; differential pressure in dryer inlet and outlet
油浸绝缘纸制备技术及研究进展
于红梅1，2 刘 文1，2，* 刘群华1，2 陈雪峰1，2
（1.中国制浆造纸研究院，北京，100102；
2.制浆造纸国家工程实验室，北京，100102）
摘 要：油浸绝缘纸主要以植物纤维为原料，其性能受到原材料、制备工艺、生产用水、生产环境等的影响，生产中应严格控制这些影响因素，才能确保绝缘纸具有优良的性能。本文结合近年来的研究成果介绍了绝缘纸的制备技术及研究进展。
关键词：油浸绝缘纸；原材料；生产用水；生产环境
中图分类号：TS764.2
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.010
The Preparation Technology and Research Progress of Oil-impregnated Insulation Paper
YU Hong-mei1,2 LIU Wen1,2,* LIU Qun-hua1,2 CHEN Xue-feng1,2
(1. China Nation Pulp and Paper Research Insitute, Beijing, 100102;
2. National Engineering Lab for Pulp and Paper, Beijing, 100102）
（*E-mail: liuwen0412@126.com）
Abstract：The oil-impregnated insulation paper is prepared mainly using cellulose fiber as saw material, its performance is influenced by raw materials, preparation technology, water used, and production environment. To insure the insulation paper having excellent performance these influencing factors must be controlled strictly in the production. In this paper, combining with recent research results the preparation technology and research progress of insulation paper were introduced．
Key words：oil-impregnated insulation paper; raw materials; water; production environment
我国纸浆贸易逆差研究
许 华 徐 意* 白晓燕
（陕西科技大学经济与管理学院，陕西西安，710021）
摘 要：纸浆作为造纸工业的基本原料和我国重要的进出口产品，持续的贸易逆差将会对造纸工业及相关产业带来威胁。本文从纸浆贸易的数量、数额、国别三个方面分析我国纸浆贸易逆差现状，深入剖析导致纸浆贸易逆差的国际国内因素。研究发现，我国纸浆贸易逆差将会长期存在并呈扩大趋势，导致这一现状的因素有国际竞争力、国际纸浆价格、人民币汇率、木材资源、供需缺口、贸易政策等；基于此探讨了我国纸浆贸易逆差应对之策。
关键词：纸浆；贸易逆差；影响因素；造纸工业
中图分类号：F732
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.011
Research on the Trade Deficit of Pulp in China
XU Hua XU Yi* BAI Xiao-yan
（School of Economics and Management, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710021）
（*E-mail: xuyi@sust.edu.cn）
Abstract：As the basic raw material of the paper industry, pulp is also an important import and export forest product in China. The continuing trade deficit will pose a threat to the paper industry and related industries. This paper analyzed the current situation of Chinas pulp trade deficit from three aspects: volum, amount and country, then deeply analyzed international and domestic factors causing the trade deficit in the pulp trade. The study found that the factors that causd the persistent and serious deficit in Chinas pulp trade were international competitiveness, international pulp prices, RMB exchange rate, timber resources, lack of supply, trade policy, etc. Based on this situation, the countermeasures were put forward to reverse the unfavorable situation of Chinas pulp trade deficit．
Key words：paper pulp;trade deficit ;influencing factors; paper industry
造纸厂的大数据管理和应用
赵小玲1 周安宁1 刘靖伟2
（1.西安科技大学化工学院，陕西西安，710054；
2.维美德（中国）有限公司，上海，201809）
摘 要：造纸企业的大数据管理和应用是实现智能化的根本。本文重点介绍和分析了造纸厂大数据管理和应用，以实现设备的稳定性和产品性能的最佳化，并对造纸产业的数据化和智能化生产进行了总结。
关键词：工业4.0；工业互联网；大数据探索过程
中图分类号：TS7
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.012
Big Data Management and Utilization in Chinas Pulp and Paper Mills
ZHAO Xiao-ling1,* ZHOU An-ning1 Liu Jing-wei2
（1. Xian University of Science and Technology, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710054;
2. Valmet China Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 201809）
（*E-mail: 13801300956@163.com）
Abstract：Paper Making Industry 4.0 refers to intelligent plant, intelligent production and intelligent logistics. Big data management and utilization are the fundamental of intelligence of paper enterprises. Big data discovery and big data management and utilization will be of benefit to production reliability, equipment performance and product quality stability, as well as production cost saving in the mills. Big data discovery and management is a dialogue with data, it will be conducted by data scientist, paper making process engineers, and automation specialists, they will carry out the data collection, sorting, analysis, study, and make conclusion and execute it. Mill intelligent production and logistics eventually will be realized base on the big data discovery, management and utilization.
Key words：industrial 4.0; industrial internet; big data discovery process
碱回收炉爆炸事故的分析
彭 成1 刘一山2
（1.四川永丰纸业有限公司，四川乐山，614500；
2.四川理工学院，四川自贡，643000）
摘 要：对某制浆企业的一次碱回收炉爆炸事故进行了阐述，并对该事故的原因进行分析。经分析考察发现，高浓臭气带水进入碱回收炉燃烧是造成这次爆炸事故的直接原因。
关键词：碱回收炉；爆炸；臭气
中图分类号：TS733+.9
文献标识码：A
DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254-508X.2017.11.013
Explosion Accident Analysis of the Recovery Boiler
PENG Cheng1,* LIU Yi-shan2
（1. Sichuan Yongfeng Paper Co., Ltd., Leshan, Sichuan Province, 614500 ;
2. Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan Province, 643000）
（*E-mail: 196276384@qq.com）
Abstract：The explosion accident of a recovery boiler was introduced, and the reasous of this explosion were analyzed. It was found that the accident was mainly caused by the combustion of high concentration oder mixing with water vapor in the boiler.
Key words：recover boiler; explosion; odor
APPITA 2016年第2期中英文摘要
Summary, APPITA Vol.69 No.2,2016
Interstage fractionation and low consistency refining for TMP. Part 2: Fibre development
MY-MUSTAPHA LEMRINI ROBERT LANOUETTE GASTON MICHAUD
SUMMARY: The primary aim was to study a variation in TMP manufacture, in which an interstage fractionation followed by low consistency refining (LCR) and high consistency refining (HCR) in series for different percentage of LCR, is applied to the long fibre fraction. Both consistency of refining and fractionation (together with refining of the LF fraction) lead to important differences in terms of fibre development. The decreases in coarseness alone cannot explain the bonding improvement observed. As little delaminated surface is believed to be available, this observation suggests that observed improvements in the tensile index, are most probably due to the changes in the microstructure of the fibre itself (such as cracks in the wall or internal delamination). These microstructure changes increase fibre flexibility and therefore develop the bonding area.
TMP浆的筛分处理和低浓打浆
第2部分：纤维的发展变化
MY-MUSTAPHA LEMRINI ROBERT LANOUETTE GASTON MICHAUD
摘要：主要研究了TMP制浆中经筛分处理和打浆后纤维的变化。先进行筛分处理，然后对长纤维组分进行先低浓打浆（LCR）后高浓打浆（HCR）相结合，并且调整低浓打浆占比。打浆浓度和纤维长度分级（以及对长纤维组分打浆）导致纤维性能发生重要变化。因为仅是纤维粗度的降低并不能解释观察到的结合强度的改善。由于纤维表面分层很少，所以观察结果表明，观察到的抗张强度指数的改善最有可能是由于纤维本身的微观结构的变化（如纤维壁上的裂纹或内部分层）。这些微结构变化增加了纤维的柔韧性，改善了纤维的结合面积。
The influence of blister varnish and printing parameters on blister peel strength
XIAOTING JI QINWEN WANG SHIYU FU
SUMMARY: This paper focused on the influence of different blister varnishes and printing parameters, including the kind and amount of diluent, the dot area coverage, and the ink thickness, on the peel strength in blister packaging. A method was developed using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy to quantitatively represent the penetration depth of blister varnish. With increasing ink thickness, the penetration depth of blister varnish and hence the peel strength decreased. In addition, clear differences relating to the dot area coverage were detected, and the full point printing sample was found to produce the worst results overall. The amount of diluent also had an influence on the penetration depth of blister varnish and, therefore, the peel strength.
KEYWORDS: blister varnish； printing parameters； peel strength； blister packaging； penetration depth
吸塑油和印刷参数对吸塑剥离强度的影响
XIAOTING JI QINWEN WANG SHIYU FU
摘要：重点介绍了不同吸塑油和印刷参数，包括稀释剂的种类和用量、印刷网点覆盖率和油墨密度对吸塑剥离强度的影响。研究开发了一种使用共焦激光扫描显微镜来定量表征吸塑油渗透深度的方法。随着油墨密度的增加，吸塑油的渗透深度和剥离强度降低。此外，发现印刷网点覆盖率对其影响显著，全点打印样品效果最差。稀释剂用量也对吸塑油的渗透深度有影响，因此也会影响剥离强度。
关键词：吸塑油；印刷参数；剥离强度；吸塑包装；渗透深度
Effect of nanofibrillated cellulose to reduce lintingon highfiller-loaded recycled papers
ANA BALEA ANGELES BLANCO NOEMMERAYO CARLOS NEGRO
SUMMARY: The removal of particles from the paper surface and its accumulation on the printing blanket, or linting, is one of the most recurrent problems encountered in newsprint printing, and is aggravated in high filler-loaded recycled papers. Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) is currently receiving a great deal of attention due to its enormous potential as a reinforcement aid in high filler-loaded papers through increased filler-fibre interaction and interfibre bonding. The effect of NFC addition on linting however has not yet been investigated. The objective of this research is to quantify the effect of NFC on linting in newsprint. Different concentrations of PCC and NFC were added to a recycled paper pulp that contained 14% by wt. ash, and the efficacy of NFC as a linting control agent was evaluated. A NFC dose of 1.5% by wt. in recycled paper reduced linting by as much as 47%; moreover, retention and drainage were improved.
KEYWORDS: nanofibrillated cellulose; linting; newsprint; recycled paper; precipitated calcium carbonate; retention and drainage
纳米纤维素纤维对降低高填料再生纸掉毛掉粉的效果
ANA BALEA ANGELES BLANCO NOEMMERAYO CARLOS NEGRO
摘要：细小颗粒从纸张表面剥落及其在印刷橡皮布上的积聚（或称掉毛掉粉），是新闻纸印刷中遇到的最复杂的问题之一，且在高填料再生纸中更为严重。纳米纤维素纤维（NFC）通过增加纤维与纤维之间以及纤维内部的结合而成为高填料纸的增强剂具有巨大的潜力，目前受到极大关注。然而，添加NFC对掉毛掉粉的影响尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是量化NFC对新闻纸掉毛掉粉的影响。通过在含有14％（质量分数）灰分的再生纸的浆中添加不同浓度的PCC和NFC来评估NFC作为掉毛掉粉控制剂的效果。结果表明，添加1.5％（质量分数）的NFC，再生纸的掉毛掉粉减少了47％以上；助留助滤也得到了改善。
关键词：纳米纤维素纤维;掉毛掉粉;新闻纸;再生纸;沉淀碳酸钙;助留助滤
Study on the interactions between dissolved and colloidal substances under the treatment of fixing agents in papermaking
LIJUN WANG YIQIAN ZHANG XUEJIN ZHANG PEDRAM FATEHI
SUMMARY: Fixing agents, highly cationic and low molecular weighted polyelectrolytes, are widely used in the papermaking industry to attach dissolved and colloidal substances (DCS) to wood fibres and remove them from papermaking systems. However, the interaction between the fixing agents and DCS is still not well understood. In this study, oxidized starch, resin acid, and mixes thereof were used as models for dissolved substances (DS), colloidal substances (CS), and dissolved and colloidal substances (DCS) in simulated papermaking furnishes, respectively. These were treated with three different polyamine fixing agents (PA) and their effect on the stability of the systems was evaluated by analyzing the residual concentrations of the model compounds after solid-liquid separation. The interactions between the dissolved substances and the colloidal substances were inferred from the results. The effectiveness of the fixing agents in removing the oxidized starch was poor while their effectiveness in removing the resin acid was good in the singular systems. However, in the mixed DCS system, the removal of the oxidized starch was improved, while that of the resin acid was worsened. The results indicate that when a fixing agent is added into the mixed DCS system, the DS is first changed into DS-polyelectrolyte complexes (PEC), and the PEC is attached to the CS particle surfaces, improving the stability of the latter and making it more difficult to remove. On the other hand, once the CS stability is disturbed and its agglomeration takes place, more DS can be removed compared to the singular DS system.
KEYWORDS: dissolved and colloidal substances； fixing agent； polyamine； polyelectrolyte complexes； colloidal agglomeration
造纸过程中固着剂与溶解和胶体物质间的相互作用研究
LIJUN WANG YIQIAN ZHANG XUEJIN ZHANG PEDRAM FATEHI
摘要：固着剂通常为高度阳离子和低分子质量的聚电解质，广泛应用于造纸工业，用来将溶解和胶体物质（DCS）附着到木材纤维上，并将其从造纸系统中除去。然而，固着剂与DCS之间的相互作用仍然不太明确。在本研究中，以氧化淀粉、树脂酸及其混合物分别作为模拟造纸配料中溶解物质（DS）、胶体物质（CS）及溶解和胶体物质（DCS）的模型。实验采用3种不同的多胺固着剂（PA）进行处理，并通过分析固液分离后模型化合物的残留浓度来评价其对系统稳定性的影响。DS与CS的相互作用可以由实验结果来推断。在单一系统中，固定剂除去氧化淀粉的效果比较差，而除去树脂酸的效果比较好。然而，在混合DCS系统中，氧化淀粉的去除得到改善，而树脂酸的去除则变差。结果表明，当混合DCS系统中加入固着剂时，首先将DS改为DS-聚电解质复合物（PEC），并将PEC连接到CS颗粒表面，提高后者的稳定性，使其更难以被去除。另一方面，一旦CS稳定性受到干扰并且有絮聚发生，与单一的DS系统相比，更多的DS可以被去除。
关键词：溶解和胶体物质；固着剂；多胺；聚电解质配合物；胶体絮聚
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