蔗渣半纤维素的热裂解特性研究
彭云云 武书彬*
（华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640）
摘 要：以从蔗渣中分离出的半纤维素为研究对象，利用TGA和Py-GC/MS研究了其热裂解特性。结果表明，蔗渣半纤维素的主要热失重区间在200～315℃之间，并在230℃左右出现一个肩状峰，700℃时焦炭产量在25%左右。Py-GC/MS分析结果表明，在低温段，半纤维素仅发生侧链断裂和解聚反应，半纤维素的热解产物主要是乙酸、醛类和酮类；温度升高，半纤维素热裂解程度加剧，热裂解产物主要为CO2、乙酸、1-羟基丙酮、1-羟基-2-丁酮、糠醛及环戊烯酮类化合物等。
关键词：蔗渣；半纤维素；热重分析；Py-GC/MS
中图分类号：TK6；X793
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0001-05
The Pyrolysis Characteristics of Hemicellulose from Sugarcana Bagasse
PENG Yun-yun WU Shu-bin*
(State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640)
(*E-mail: shubinwu@scut.edu.cn)
Abstract：The pyrolysis characteristics of hemicellulose isolated from sugarcane bagasse were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and pyrolysis GC/MS. The results showed that the major reaction stage of hemicellulose pyrolysis was within 200~315℃. A shoulder-shaped peak appeared at about 230℃. The last remnants of coke accounted for about 25% or so at 700℃. The Py-GC/MS analysis showed that the main products of hemicellulose pyrolysis at lower temperature were acetic acid and a little ketone and aldehyde, but many kinds of compounds like 1-hydroxy-2-acetone, 1-hydroxy-2-butone, 2-furanal and cyclopenetene were produced at higher temperature which were produced from the fragmentation of the main structure. The products of hemicellulose pyrolysis consists of acetic acids，furanal and ketones which can be used as important chemical materials.
Key words：sugarcane bagasse；hemicelluloses；thermoanalysis；Py-GC/MS
半纤维素对APMP浆性能的影响
王凤娟1 黄 峰1,2,* 杨桂花1 陈嘉川1
(1.山东轻工业学院制浆造纸省部共建重点实验室，山东济南，250353;2.山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室，山东济南, 250100)
摘 要：用木聚糖酶处理杨木APMP浆，除去浆中的部分半纤维素，通过紫外光谱与化学计量学软件相结合的方法检测酶解液中主要半纤维素组分的含量。同时对纸浆在酶处理前后的性能变化进行了测定，分析了不同的半纤维素溶出量对纸浆主要光学性能和物理性能的影响。
关键词：半纤维素；木聚糖酶；化学计量学；纸浆性能；高得率浆
中图分类号：TS71+1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0006-05
The Impact of Hemicellulose on APMP Properties
WANG Feng-juan1 HUANG Feng1,2,* YANG Gui-hua1 CHEN Jia-chuan1
(1. Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji’nan, Shandong Province, 250353; 2. State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Ji’nan, Shandong Province, 250100)
(*E-mail：fhuang@sdu.edu.cn)
Abstract：A part of hemicellulose was removed from poplar Alkaline Peroxide Mechanical Pulp (APMP) by xylanase treatment. The main hemicellulose components in the enzyme liquid was predicted with the model which was established by the spectral measurement of a set of hydrolyzed standard sugar solutions treating with concentrated sulfuric acid and a chemometrics software. The impact of dissolved hemicellulose content on APMP properties was analyzed through measuring the pulp optical and physical properties.
Key words：hemicellulose；xylanase；chemometrics；pulp properties；APMP
马尾松TMP纤维漆酶改性的表面分析
彭新文1 李新平2 任俊莉1 孙润仓1 钟林新1
（1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640；2.陕西科技大学造纸工程学院，陕西省造纸技术及特种纸品开发重点实验室，陕西西安，710021）
摘 要：采用漆酶对马尾松热磨机械浆（TMP）纤维进行表面改性，并利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）及X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对漆酶处理前后的TMP纤维进行表面分析。结果表明，漆酶处理前马尾松TMP纤维表面被一层颗粒状木素和抽出物覆盖；漆酶处理后，TMP纤维表面颗粒状的木素及抽出物变小、变少。漆酶处理后TMP纤维表面的氧碳比（O/C比值）升高，C1峰峰面积下降，表明漆酶处理后TMP纤维表面木素和抽出物减少，暴露出更多的亲水性基团，碳水化合物的含量提高。
关键词：漆酶改性；马尾松TMP；表面改性
中图分类号：Q55；TS743 .14
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0011-05
Surface Analysis of the Masson Pine TMP Fiber Modified with Laccase
PENG Xin-wen1,* LI Xin-ping2 REN Jun-li1 SUN Run-cang1 ZHONG Lin-xin1
(1. State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640; 2. College of Papermaking Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Paper Technology and Specialty Paper Development of Shaanxi, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710021)
(*E-mail: wenwenpeng1229@163.com)
Abstract：The effects of laccase modification on the surface morphology and chemistry of masson pine thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) fibres were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) in this paper. It was found that the surface of TMP fibres was covered with lignin and extractives, which markedly decreased after laccase modification. Moreover, the fiber with laccase modification had a higher O/C ratios and a lower C1 peak than the control fiber, and the C1s peak shifted to the higher binding energy direction. This implied that less lignin and extractives and more carbohydrate presented on the fiber surface when the fibre was treated with laccase.
Key words：laccase modification；TMP；surface modification
响应面法优化漂白浆酶水解
吕 健 詹怀宇 付时雨
（华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640）
摘 要：采用响应面法中的Box-Behnken实验设计，研究了温度、酶用量和pH值对漂白针叶木浆酶解效率的影响，分别提出了用于预测可溶糖转化率和葡萄糖转化率的数学模型。通过规划求解，优化了3个因素：当温度、酶用量和pH值分别为52.8℃、10 g/L、 5.5以及45.9℃、10 g/L、5.3时，可溶糖转化率和葡萄糖转化率分别达到最大81.5%和54.3%。通过实验数据与预测数据的对比，证明模型具有准确的预测性能。
关键词：纤维素；漂白浆；酶水解；响应面法
中图分类号：TS71+1；TP27
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0016-06
Optimization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Bleached Pulp by Response Surface Methodology
LV Jian* ZHAN Huai-yu FU Shi-yu
(State Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640)
(*E-mail: lv.jian328@gmail.com)
Abstract：Box-Behnken design in Response Surface Methodology was employed to study the effects of temperature, cellulase dosage and pH on the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis of bleached softwood pulp. Two mathematic models were proposed to predict the conversion rates of soluble sugar and glucose. The three parameters were optimized by solver tool in Microsoft Excel. The optimal values of temperature, cellulase dosage and pH for maximum soluble sugar conversion were found to be 52.8℃, 10 g/L and 5.5, respectively. Those for maximum glucose conversion were 45.9℃, 10 g/L and 5.3, respectively. Comparing the experimental data and predicted data, the models were confirmed to be of high precision.
Key words：cellulose；bleached pulp；enzymatic hydrolysis；response surface methodology
竹沥液对粉单竹APMP浆返黄的影响
骆莲新1 程丽萍1 齐缘凤1 王双飞1,* 周宏建2
（1. 广西大学轻工与食品工程学院，广西南宁，530004；2. 黑龙江北大荒纸业责任有限公司，黑龙江密山，158328）
摘 要：探讨了竹沥液在粉单竹APMP浆返黄过程中的影响。结果发现，粉单竹压出竹沥液后，APMP法所制未漂纸浆白度可提高2.57个百分点，漂白纸浆白度提高1.04个百分点；经紫外光照加速老化，压出竹沥液后，APMP竹浆返黄程度降低。对竹浆原料进行分析发现，压出竹沥液后竹子原料的抽出物含量有所下降。对返黄竹浆的水抽出物进行研究发现，随返黄程度的增加，水溶液中溶出的物质增多，脱除竹沥液可减少竹浆中的有色物质。压出竹子中的竹沥液可以提高竹子化机浆的白度，降低竹浆的返黄程度。
关键词：竹沥液；APMP竹浆；返黄
中图分类号：TS749
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0022-05
Effect of Succus Bambusae on Yellowing of Bambusa Chungii APMP Pulp
LUO Lian-xin1 CHENG Li-ping1 QI Yuan-feng1 WANG Shuang-fei1,*
ZHOU Hong-jian2
（1. Institute of Light Industrial and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004; 2. Heilongjiang Beidahuang Paper Industry Co., Ltd., Mishan, Heilongjiang Province, 158328）
（*E-mail: wangsf@gxu.edu.cn）
Abstract：The effect of succus bambusae on yellowing of bambusa chungii APMP pulp was investigated. By removing succus bambusae, the brightness of APMP pulp and bleached pulp was improved by 2.57% ISO and 1.04%ISO respectively. After UV irradiation, the yellowing trend of the APMP pulp was also decreased. The extractives content of bamboo material was reduced. The study of yellowing pulp’s water extractives indicated that more dissolved substances were released with the increasing of yellowing, and the colored matters were decreased by removing bambusa chungii. The result showed that the removal of succus bambusae could improve the brightness of APMP pulp, and reduce yellowing.
Key words：succus bambusae；APMP bamboo pulp；yellowing
白腐菌预处理对粉单竹化学成分和
微观纤维形态结构的影响
熊建华1,2,3,4 程 昊2 王双飞3,* 李可成4
（1. 广西大学化学化工学院，广西南宁，530004；2. 广西工学院生化系，广西柳州，545006；3.广西大学造纸科学研究所，广西南宁，530004；4. 加拿大New Brunswick大学，加拿大弗雷德里克顿，E3B6C2）
摘 要：3种白腐菌菌株对粉单竹进行1～4周的生物培养，通过考察竹片在生物预处理后质量损失率、木素去除率、综纤维素损失率、木素降解选择因子的变化，筛选出能够选择性有效去除竹片木素的白腐菌Trametes hirsuta 19-6作为研究对象。用显微镜观测粉单竹纤维细胞壁的结构特点，以及白腐菌预处理引起的竹片纤维微观形态结构的变化，探讨白腐菌生物降解竹片的机理。
关键词：粉单竹；生物机械制浆；扫描电子显微镜；透射电镜；白腐菌
中图分类号：TS71+2；TS749
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0027-05
Effects of Pretreatment of Bamboo by White-rot Fungi on its Chemical Composition and Fiber Morphology
XIONG Jian-hua1,2,3,4 CHENG Hao2 WANG Shuang-fei3,* LI Ke-cheng4
(1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004; 2. Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 545006; 3. Pulp & Paper Institute of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004; 4. Department of Chemical Engineering and Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada, E3B6C2）
(*E-mail: wangsf@gxu.edu.cn)
Abstract：Three white rot fungi were incubated on white powdery bamboo in the optimum conditions for 1 to 4 weeks, white rot fungi Trametes hirsuta 19-6 was screened for efficient selective delignification based on the evaluation of bamboo chips weight loss, lignin removal, holocellulose lose, the factors affecting selective degradation of lignin. Electron microscopes were used to study the character of white powdery bamboo fiber cell wall structure changes brought by fungal pretreatment. The mechanism of white-rot fungi attack on bamboo was studied.
Key words：white powdery bamboo；biomechanical pulping；SEM；TEM；white-rot fungi
白腐菌预处理竹子化机浆的XPS和AFM分析
熊建华1,2,3,4 程 昊2 王双飞3,* 李可成4
（1.广西大学化学化工学院，广西南宁，530004；2.广西工学院生化系，广西柳州，545006；3.广西大学造纸科学研究所，广西南宁，530004；4.加拿大New Brunswick大学，加拿大弗雷德里克顿，E3B6C2）
摘 要：利用XPS和AFM技术对白腐菌预处理前后的竹子化机浆纤维表面特性进行分析，探讨白腐菌预处理对纤维表面木素和抽出物等化学组分以及表面微观结构的影响。利用XPS从化学分析的角度反映纤维表面O/C比值、C1s峰的碳价态的变化情况，并定量分析纤维表面木素和抽出物含量。结果表明，白腐菌预处理后纤维表面O/C比值增大，C1峰面积减小，说明白腐菌预处理后纤维表面木素和抽出物含量降低，碳水化合物含量增加。利用AFM对纤维表面形貌分析的结果与XPS结论一致。
关键词：CMP竹浆；生物机械制浆；表面特性；白腐菌
中图分类号：TS71+2；TS749+3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0032-07
Analysis of Bamboo CMP Pretreated with White-rot Fungi by XPS and AFM
XIONG Jian-hua1,2,3,4 CHENG Hao2 WANG Shuang-fei3,* LI Ke-cheng4
(1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004; 2. Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 545006; 3. Pulp & Paper Institute of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004; 4. Department of Chemical Engineering and Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada, E3B6C2）
(*E-mail: wangsf@gxu.edu.cn)
Abstract：The surface properties of bamboo CMP fibers before and after white-rot fungi pretreatment were analyzed by XPS and AFM. The effects of the pretreatment on the changes of surface composition and ultra-structure were discussed. XPS was used to identify the O/C ratio and the C1 percentage changes brought by fungi pretreatment. The lignin and extractives contents on fiber surface were also analyzed by XPS. The results of XPS analysis showed that the fungi pretreated CMP fibers had a higher O/C ratio and lower C1 percentage than the control pulp fibers. This implied that fungi pretreated pulp had less lignin and extractives, and more hydrophilic groups and carbohydrate on the fiber surface. The fiber surface morphology analysed by AFM also approved the result of XPS analysis.
Key words：bamboo CMP；biomechanical pulping；surface properties；white-rot fungi
果胶酸类物质的酶解及其对DCS稳定性的影响
张春辉 詹怀宇 李 静 李兵云 付时雨
（华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640）
摘 要：选用两种商品果胶酶制剂，首先优化其酶解果胶类物质的反应条件，结果发现，两种果胶酶在pH值9.0，温度为60~70℃的较优条件下可以有效地酶解果胶类物质和马尾松化学机械浆DCS，降低其阳离子需求量（CD值）。在探求两种果胶酶酶解果胶类物质的机理时，得出在对PGA类物质（酸性果胶物质）进行果胶酸（盐）裂解酶（PGL）处理以降低CD值时，没有必要将其完全酶解成单体，而只需将其聚合度降为6左右即可。碱性果胶酶（PL）处理果胶时也有类似的结果。同时发现，在漂白浆DCS中的果胶类物质主要是以果胶酸的形式存在，在选用果胶酶时应选用PGL。马尾松化学机械浆DCS经PGL酶处理以后虽然对提高DCS的稳定性作用不大，但可以减缓其沉淀的速度。
关键词：果胶酶；溶解与胶体物质；酶解机理； 聚合度
中图分类号：Q55
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）-02-0039-06
Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Pectic Substances and its Effect on the Stability of DCS from Mason Pine BCTMP
ZHANG Chun-hui* ZHAN Huai-yu LI Jing LI Bing-yun FU Shi-yu
（State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640）
(*E-mail:chunhui@scut.edu.cn)
Abstract：The efficiency and mechanism of two pectinases degrade or hydrolyze model substances and DCS from Masson pine BCTMP were evaluated. The optimal conditions for pectate lyase (PGL) and alkaline pectinase (PL) treatment were as follows: pH 9.0, 60℃, 120min for PGL, and pH 9.0, 70℃, 120 min for PL. Both pectinase could effectively degrade the pectics in the DCS of Masson pine BCTMP, with PGL being more efficient, due to the unmethylated form of pectic substances in DCS of BCTMP. The hydrolysis mechanism of PGA with PGL was investigated. The results showed that it was not necessary to hydrolyze the polymeric pectics to be monomers, in order to reduce its cationic demand, instead it was hydrolyzed to a average DP of 6 would be acceptable. Treatment of DCS from Masson pine BCTMP with PGL could not prevent DCS from complete aggregation by calcium ions, but the rate of aggregation was lowered.
Key words：pectinase；dissolved and colloidal substances；enzymatic hydrolysis mechanism；degree of polymerization
非均相UV/Fenton体系氧化降解愈创木酚的研究
王 昶 刘 芳 贾青竹 张丽萍 李光璧
（天津科技大学海洋科学与工程学院，天津，300457）
摘 要：以浸渍法制备的Fe3+/γ-Al2O3为催化剂，研究了非均相UV/Fenton体系对木素类模型物愈创木酚的处理效果，并与非均相Fenton体系作比较。实验结果表明，非均相UV/Fenton体系能够有效地降解结构稳定的木素类模型物愈创木酚。在室温、初始pH值为6.3、投加2倍理论量的H2O2和1 g/L自制的催化剂（Fe3+与H2O2的摩尔比为1∶31.6）、反应60 min，初始质量浓度为50 mg/L的条件下，愈创木酚的去除率可达到100%。非均相UV/Fenton和非均相Fenton反应90 min，愈创木酚的总有机碳去除率分别为94.3%和17.2%，由此可知，紫外光与Fenton试剂存在协同效应，使体系的氧化能力明显增强。愈创木酚的矿化速率慢于去除速率，说明愈创木酚并不是立刻被降解为CO2和H2O，而是先被降解为其他小分子中间产物，最终完全矿化。
关键词：非均相；UV/Fenton；H2O2；愈创木酚；木素
中图分类号：X703
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0045-05
Oxidation of Guaiacol by Heterogeneous Photo-Fenton Process
WANG Chang* LIU Fang JIA Qing-zhu ZHANG Li-ping LI Guang-bi
(College of Marine Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457)
(*E-mail: wangc88@163.com)
Abstract：The effect of the heterogeneous UV/Fenton system on degradation of model compound of lignin guaiacol was investigated using Fe-exchanged γ-Al2O3 as catalyst which was prepared by impregnation method, and compared with the effect of heterogeneous Fenton system. It is found that heterogeneous photo-Fenton process was effective for the degradation of guaiacol with stable structure. At the ambient temperature, the initial pH=6.3, two times of stoichiometric quantities of H2O2, 1 g/L catalyst (the Fe3+ and H2O2 molar ratio was 1∶31.6), 50 mg/L guaiacol solution, the removal of guaiacol reached as high as 100% in 60 min. TOC removal by using heterogeneous UV/Fenton and heterogeneous Fenton process achieved 94.3% and 17.2% in 90 min respectively, because UV-light and Fenton’s reagent had synergetic effect enhancing the oxidative ability of the process. The TOC removal rate was slower than the guaiacol removal rate in the same time. This indicated that guaiacol was not immediately mineralized to CO2 and H2O, but to smaller molecular intermediates and finally could be completely mineralized.
Key words：heterogeneous；photo-Fenton；hydrogen peroxide；guaiacol；lignin
聚铁硅絮凝剂的制备及其对造纸废水的处理
许佩瑶 宋 佳
（华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院，河北保定，071003）
摘 要：以铁屑、盐酸和硅酸钠溶液为主要原料，制备聚铁和聚硅酸，并在不同硅铁摩尔比的条件下制备出一系列聚铁硅絮凝剂；将其应用于纸箱废水和卫生纸废水的处理实验可知，当废水pH值为8左右，硅铁摩尔比1∶40的聚铁硅絮凝剂用量为0.20 g/200 mL废水时，有较好的絮凝效果。用Ferron逐时络合比色法检测聚铁硅絮凝剂的形态分布，同时，也分析了Fe3+的形态分布。
关键词：聚铁硅絮凝剂；Fe3+的形态分布；造纸废水
中图分类号：X793
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0050-04
Preparation of the Polyferric Silicate Flocculants and its Application in Treatment of Papermaking Wastewater
XU Pei-yao SONG Jia
(Department of Environmental Science and Engineering，North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei Province, 071003)
(*E-mail: xupeiyao@163.com)
Abstract：Using Fe, HCl and sodium silicate as the main raw materials，a series of polyferric silicate flocculants (PFCS) were produced under different basicities and the silicon-ferric molar ratio conditions. The better results for treatment of OCC waste water and tissue waste water were obtained when s Si/Fe was 1∶40, pH value of waste water was 8 and dosage of the flocculant was 0.5 g/200 mL waste water. The species distribution of PFCS was detected by Ferron timed complex colorimetric method. The Fe (Ⅲ) species distribution characteristic and the factors influencing the species distribution were analyzed. Simultaneously, it was confirmed that the flocculation conditions of the flocculant both in practice and theory agree with each other, the optimal preparing condition of PFCS is Si/Fe=1∶40.
Key words：polyflerric silicate flocculants；Fe3+ species distribution；papermaking wastewater
改性纳米CaCO3分散体系稳定性和扩展DLVO理论
唐艳军1,2 李友明1 薛国新2
（1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640；2.浙江理工大学先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室, 浙江杭州，310018）
摘 要：通过对分散体系黏度、固含量及Zeta电位的测定，探讨了表面改性过程的超声预处理、反应温度、改性剂用量及体系pH值等因素对改性纳米CaCO3水相分散体系稳定性的影响。结果表明，对纳米CaCO3水相分散体系进行超声预处理15 min，以铝锆有机金属络合物偶联剂为改性剂，其质量分数为2.5％，同时控制改性体系的pH值为9时，改性纳米CaCO3水相分散体系的黏度较小，固含量较大，分散稳定性较佳。利用扩展DLVO理论对分散体系的稳定机理进行探讨，认为改性纳米CaCO3水相分散稳定性的改善主要归因于偶联剂在纳米颗粒表面的吸附使得空间位阻效应变大，从而空间位阻势能增大。
关键词：纳米CaCO3；分散；扩展DLVO理论；机理
中图分类号：TS727+.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0054-05
Stability of Modified Nanosized CaCO3 Dispersion System in Aqueous Medium and Extended DLVO Theory
TANG Yan-jun1,2,* LI You-ming1 XUE Guo-xin2
(1. State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640; 2. Key Lab of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310018)
(*E-mail: www-tang@163.com)
Abstract：In order to improve the dispersion stability of nanosized CaCO3 in aqueous medium, a series of chemical treatments have been conducted to modify the surface of nanosized CaCO3. The main parameters including viscosity, solid content and Zeta potential of modified nanosized CaCO3 dispersion system were measured to determine the optimum conditions of surface modification process. The effect of some factors, such as ultrasonic treatment, modifier amount and pH value on the dispersion stability of modified nanosized CaCO3 dispersion system was discussed. It was found that an extensive deaggregation effect with good efficiency and stability could be achieved when the surface of CaCO3 particles was modified by aluminium-zirconium coupling agent under an appropriate process condition. Thus the dispersion stability of CaCO3 particles in aqueous medium could be significantly improved. According to E-DLVO theory and experimental results, the improvement of the dispersion stability of modified nanosized CaCO3 disperson system is attributed to the absorption of aluminium-zirconium coupling agent on the nanosized CaCO3 particles which leads to the increase of steric hindrance effect.
Key words：nanosized CaCO3；dispersion；extended DLVO theory；mechanism
CPAM/膨润土双元体系在瓦楞原纸生产中的应用
沙力争 陈志杭 赵会芳
（浙江科技学院，浙江杭州，310023）
摘 要：利用动态滤水仪模拟瓦楞原纸生产的湿部过程，研究了阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（CPAM）/膨润土双元体系对浆料留着、滤水及纸张性能的影响。结果表明，当CPAM用量低于0.02%（各化学品用量均对绝干浆量）时，CPAM/膨润土双元体系的助留助滤效果与CPAM单元体系的相当；当CPAM用量0.04%，膨润土用量0.2%时，CPAM/膨润土双元体系的助留助滤效果最好；在CPAM/膨润土双元体系中，CPAM宜在高速剪切前加入，而膨润土应在高速剪切后加入。一定范围内增加CPAM用量，可提高成纸的裂断长，但环压指数有所下降；当CPAM用量超过0.04%后，成纸的环压指数则随CPAM用量的增加而缓慢提高。
关键词：CPAM；膨润土；助留助滤体系；瓦楞原纸
中图分类号：TS727+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0059-04
Application of CPAM/Bentonite Microparticle Retention and Drainage System in Corrugating Medium Production
SHA Li-zheng* CHEN Zhi-hang ZHAO Hui-fang
(Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310023)
(*E-mail: slz9966@yahoo.com.cn)
Abstract：In this paper, the effect of CPAM/bentonite microparticle retention and drainage system on stock retention and drainage as well as sheet properties was studied by using dynamic filtration analyzer and simulating the wet process of corrugating medium production. Results showed that when the dosage of CPAM was below 0.02%, the effect of CPAM/bentonite microparticle retention and drainage system was similar to CPAM alone; the efficiency of the CPAM/bentonite microparticle retention and drainage system was up to the maximum when the dosage of CPAM was 0.04% and the dosage of bentonite was 0.2%. Shear rate had certain effect on the retention and drainage, the final floc was disintegrated and resulted decrease of the retention and drainage efficiency when the shear force was beyond the limit. The breaking length of the paper sheet could be improved if the dosage of CPAM in the system increased within certain range however, the ring crush index of the paper sheet dropped initially and began to increase slowly when the dosage of CPAM was over 0.04%.
Key words：CPAM；bentonite；microparticle retention and drainage aid system；corrugating medium
木粉接枝改性制备高吸水材料的研究
吴文娟 张丽莉
（南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室，江苏南京，210037 ）
摘 要：以木粉为原料，通过接枝丙烯酸制备高吸水材料。对单体用量、引发剂用量、中和度、反应温度等工艺条件进行了优化研究，确定了最佳合成条件，并用红外图谱对产物的结构进行了表征。结果表明，制备的高吸水材料吸水率达1560 g/g，对质量分数为0.9%的NaCl溶液吸水率为115 g/g，且保水性能较好。
关键词：木粉；高吸水材料；接枝共聚；吸水性
中图分类号：TS71
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0063-04
Preparation of Superabsorbent Resin from Wood Flour by Grafting-copolymerization
WU Wen-juan* ZHANG Li-li
(Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037)
(*E-mail: 5wenjuan@163.com)
Abstract：Wood flour was used as a raw material on which acrylic acid was grafted to prepared superabsorbent resin. Some process conditions such as consumption of monomer, initiator, neutraliztion degree and polymerizing temperature were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were obtained and the structure of the product was characterized by FT-IR. The resin could absorb water and salt so lution as much as 1560 times and 115 times of its own mass respectively, and its water retention capacity was well.
Key words：wood flour；superabsorbent resin；grafting copolymerization；water absorb
基于小波变换的纸浆结构统计模型的研究
周 强 南 楠
（陕西科技大学电气与信息工程学院，陕西西安，710021）
摘 要：在研究纸浆纤维形态、结构的基础上，建立纸浆的数学模型，并根据纸浆纤维分布与纸浆浓度的关系提出了在线确定纸浆数学模型参数的方法。具体步骤是：对纸浆浓度信号进行小波变换，根据小波谱的周期和峰值分别计算纸浆纤维团的半径和纤维团的中心距离，进而确定纸浆数学模型的参数。实验表明，该方法能建立准确的纸浆数学模型。
关键词：纸浆纤维分布；纸浆数学模型；纤维团半径；纤维团中心距离；小波变换
中图分类号：TS749
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0067-04
Statistical Modeling of Pulp Suspension Structure Based on Wavelet Transform
ZHOU Qiang* NAN Nan
(School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710021)
(*E-mail: zhouqtz@126.com)
Abstract：On the basis of studying the behaviour of fiber suspensions, mathematical model of pulp suspension is established, and on-line method to get parameters of the mathematical model is put forward according to the relationship between the pulp fiber distribution and the pulp consistency. The detailed calculating steps are proposed, firstly, the pulp consistency signal conducts wavelet transform, then the radius of fiber conglomerations and the central distances of adjacent fiber conglomerations are calculated based on the period and peak value of the wavelet, accordingly the parameters of pulp mathematical model can be decided. The corresponding tests show that the precise mathematical model of pulp suspension can be obtained by the method.
Key words：pulp fiber distribution；pulp suspension mathematical model；radius of conglomeration；central distance of conglomeration；wavelet transform
基于夹点技术的涂布纸机干燥部热回收优化分析
李玉刚1 刘焕彬1 陶劲松1 李继庚1 孔令波1 贾靖江2
（1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640；2.金东（江苏）纸业股份有限公司，江苏镇江，212132）
摘 要：应用夹点技术对某日产1500 t的涂布纸机干燥部热回收网络进行了诊断和优化分析。结果表明，该纸机现有的换热网络存在着较大的节能潜力，通过优化改造可以使纸机干燥部的回收热量由原来的4821.60 kJ/s增加到9973.09 kJ/s，节约了干燥部2.3%的蒸汽用量，有明显的节能效果。
关键词：纸机干燥部；热回收网络；夹点技术；优化分析
中图分类号：TS755
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0071-05
Optimizational Analysis of Heat-Recovery in Drying-section of Coating Machine Based on Pinch Technology
LI Yu-gang1,* LIU Huan-bin1 TAO Jin-song1 LI Ji-geng1 KONG Ling-bo1
JIA Jing-jiang2
（1. State Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510641; 2. Goldeast Paper（Jiangsu）Co., Ltd. , Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212132）
(*E-mail: liyugang355@yahoo.com.cn)
Abstract：Pinch technology was applied to diagnose and optimize the heat exchange networks in the drying-section of coating machine with a capacity of 1500 t/d. The result showed that there was a biggish energy-saving potential in the existing heat exchange networks. The amount of heat-saving in new heat exchange networks after optimizational rebuilding increased from 4821.60 kJ/s to 9973.09 kJ/s, fresh steam consumption of drying-section reduced by 2.3%. The energy-saving effect was evident.
Key words：drying-section of paper machine；heat exchange networks；pinch technology；optimizational analysis
基于BP神经网络的纸病分类器设计
倪 洁 徐 杰 胡慕伊*
（南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室，江苏南京，210037）
摘 要：不同造纸生产线产生的纸病往往会有不同的特点，即使同一生产线在不同工艺参数，或在工艺参数相同而生产条件不同情况下产生的纸病也有区别，因此纸病往往具有多样性、复杂性的特点。为此，利用BP神经网络建立了纸病分类器，取得了较好的识别效果，识别率达91%。
关键词：特征提取；BP算法；神经网络
中图分类号：TP183
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0076-03
Paper Defects Classifier Design Based on BP Neural Network
NI Jie XU Jie HU Mu-yi*
(Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037)
(*E-mail: muyi_hu@njfu.com.cn)
Abstract：The paper defects occurred in different production lines are often different, even in the same production line when the process parameters are different, or with the same process parameters when the production conditions are different, the papers produced will have different defects, so paper defects tend to have the multiplicity and complex characteristics. The classifiers are designed based on BP neural network, which has achieved good results of 91% identification rate.
Key words：features extraction；BP algorithm；neural network
造纸废水的人工湿地处理研究进展
范立维1 卢泽湘1 海热提2
（1.福建农林大学资源与环境学院，福建福州，350002；2.北京化工大学环境科学与工程技术中心，北京，100029）
摘 要：综述了造纸废水人工湿地处理的环境影响以及造纸废水人工湿地处理中植物、微生物及工艺的研究和应用现状，分析了人工湿地技术在造纸废水处理上的优势，提出了该技术有待深入研究的方向。
关键词：造纸废水；人工湿地；研究进展
中图分类号：X793
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2010）02-0079-04
Research Progress of Constructed Wetland Treatment Technology for Papermaking Wastewater
FAN Li-wei1,* LU Ze-xiang1 HAI Re-ti2
(1.College of Resource and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350002; 2. Center of Environmental Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029)
(*E-mail: fanlw@163.com)
Abstract：The effect of the constructed wetland treatment technology for the papermaking wastewater on the environment and the research and application status of the plants, the microorganisms and the techniques in this treatment system were summarized. The advantages of the constructed wetland treatment technology for the papermaking wastewater and its further development direction were analyzed.
Key words：papermaking wastewater；constructed wetland；research progr
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