大豆秸秆乙醇预处理脱木素动力学研究
樊富广1 涂洪峰1 陈从鑫1 姚 兰1,2 杨海涛1,2,*
(1.湖北工业大学材料与化学工程学院,湖北武汉,430068；
2.齐鲁工业大学制浆造纸科学与技术教育部重点实验室,山东济南,250353)
摘 要：在保温温度170℃、保温时间90 min、乙醇浓度50%的条件下对大豆秸秆进行乙醇预处理,并对预处理后大豆秸秆进行成分分析,发现乙醇预处理主要脱除了大豆秸秆中的半纤维素和木素(脱除率分别为82.9%和62.0%)。动力学研究发现,乙醇预处理脱木素反应为一级反应,脱木素过程由大量脱木素段和补充脱木素段组成,且预处理反应进入补充脱木素段的温度要高于160℃。在保温温度为170℃时,大量脱木素段和补充脱木素段的木素脱除率分别为87.9%和12.1%。大量脱木素段主要脱除的是小分子木素(相对分子质量为9101)；而补充脱木素段脱除的木素的相对分子质量较大,达到12961。对比2个阶段的木素脱除速率发现,大量脱木素段的脱除速率(k大=4×10-4 s-1)高于补充脱木素段(k补=4×10-5 s-1),说明大量脱木素段木素脱除速率较快。
关键词：大豆秸秆；乙醇预处理；脱木素；动力学
中图分类号：TS71
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0001-06
Delignification Kinetics of Ethanol Pretreatment of Soybean Stalk
FAN Fu-guang1 TU Hong-feng1 CHEN Cong-xin1 YAO Lan1,2 YANG Hai-tao1,2,*
(1. School of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430068；
2. Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science & Technology of Ministry of Education of China, Qilu University of Technology,
Jinan, Shandong Province, 250353 )
(*E-mail: pphtyang1979@aliyun.com.cn)
Abstract：It is an essential step to destroy the structure of the cell wall by pretreatment before enzymatic hydrolysis for the conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol. Ethanol pretreatment has many advantages, and is a hot research topic in recent years. In this experiment, soybean stalk was pretreated under the following condition: heat preservation temperature 170℃, holding time 90 min, ethanol concentration 50%. The component analysis of pretreated material indicated that the hemicellulose and lignin in soybean stalk were mainly removed by ethanol pretreatment (The removal ratio reached 82.9% and 62.0% respectively). Delignification reaction during ethanol pretreatment was a first order reaction. The kinetics study showed that there were two delignification stages i.e. bulk delignification and supplement delignification when the temperature was above 160℃. Lignin was removed 87.9% and 12.1% respectively in the two steps when the temperature was 170℃. The removed lignin in the two stages had different molecular weight (Mw=9101 and 12961). In these two delignification stages, lignin removal rate in bulk delignification stage was higher (kbulk=4×10-4 s-1>ksupplement=4×10-5 s-1)．
Keywords：soybean stalk; ethanol pretreatment; delignification; kinetics
(责任编辑：关 颖)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Vol.32,No.1,2017Transactions of China Pulp and Paper
速生材海州常山制浆性能分析
谢福春1 孙 舒2 张艳君3 秦 栋1 王华田4,*
(1.东北农业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨,150030；
2.济南市槐荫区兴福街道办事处,山东济南,250117；
3.哈尔滨理工大学荣成学院,山东荣成,264300；
4.山东农业大学,山东泰安,271018)
摘 要：为探讨海州常山作为制浆材的可行性,以来自河南栾川、江苏连云港、山东泰安3个种源的海州常山为原料,分析了其化学成分、纤维形态与制浆性能。结果表明,海州常山的综纤维素平均含量为78.32%,苯-醇抽出物含量低于1.5%,纤维长度700～900 μm,制浆得率约40%,成纸强度指标(耐破指数、耐折度等)与常用的阔叶木制浆材成纸相近,其中，山东泰安种源的海州常山制浆性能综合评价较好。
关键词：海州常山；化学成分；纤维形态；制浆性能
中图分类号：TS721
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0007-05
Pulping Property of Fast-growing Wood Clerodendrum Trichotomum Thumb.
XIE Fu-chun1 SUN Shu2 ZHANG Yan-jun3 Qin Dong1 WANG Hua-tian4，*
(1. College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150030;
2. Xingfu Street Office of Jinan Huayin District, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250117;
3. Rongcheng Harbin University of Science and Technology, Rongcheng, Shandong Province, 264300;
4. Forestry College of Shandong Agricaltural University, Taian, Shandong Province, 271018)
(*E-mail: wanght@sdau.edu.cn)
Abstract：In order to investigate the feasibility of Clerodendrum trichotomum Thumb.(C. trichotomum) as a pulp-making material, three different C. trichotomum woods which came from the regions of Luanchuan (Henan province), Lianyungang (Jiangsu province) and Taian (Shandong province) respectively were selected as raw materials, the chemical composition, fiber morphology and pulping property were analyzed. The results showed that the average content of holocellulose in three provenances of C. trichotomum woods was 78.32%, the extract content from benzene alcohol was below 1.5%, the fiber length was in the range from 700 μm to 900 μm, the pulping yield reached to 40%, and the burst index and folding strength of handsheet of C. trichotomum were almost as same as the common used hardwoods. The study indicated that C. trichotomum from Taian had a better pulping property. In short, the fiber length of C. trichotomum is short, it can be used with long-fiber coniferous wood in papermaking.
Keywords：Clerodendrum trichotomum Thumb.； chemical composition； fiber morphology； pulping property
(责任编辑：陈丽卿)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Transactions of China Pulp and PaperVol.32,No.1,2017
加填对高得率浆性能的影响
胡嘉驹1,2 李 蔚1,* 房桂干2 沈葵忠2
(1.华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院,上海,200237；
2.中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所,
国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室,生物质化学利用国家工程实验室,
江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏南京,210042)
摘 要：探讨了分别加填TiO2和CaCO3对漂白高得率浆成纸强度性能和光学性能的影响。加填后,成纸抗张强度、耐破度和层间结合强度均有不同程度的降低。与CaCO3加填纸相比,TiO2加填纸的强度性能降低幅度较小。加填TiO2可显著提高纸张的白度、不透明度和光散射系数。加填纸光散射系数相同时,TiO2用量仅为CaCO3用量的1/4。加填TiO2可显著抑制高得率浆光诱导返黄,并且随其留着量的增加,抑制效果增强；TiO2留着量为21.4%,加填纸光诱导返黄程度降低76.4%。加填CaCO3对漂白高得率浆的光诱导返黄的抑制作用较小。
关键词：高得率浆；加填；填料留着量；纸张强度性能；返黄
中图分类号：TS727+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0012-05
Effects of Inorganic Fillers on the Properties of Bleached High Yield Pulp
HU Jia-ju1,2 LI Wei1,* FANG Gui-gan2 SHEN Kui-zhong2
(1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237；
2. Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, CAF； Key Lab of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA； National Engineering Lab for
Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material of Jiangsu, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210042)
(*E-mail: liweiwei@ecust.edu.cn)
Abstract：The effects of TiO2 and CaCO3 as fillers on the strength and optical properties of bleached high yield pulp (HYP) were investigated. It was shown that the tensile strength, bursting strength and bonding strength of the handsheets from HYP decreased in different degrees with the increment of the fillers. Comparing with the CaCO3, the sheet strength decreased smaller when TiO2 was used as filler. And the brightness, opacity and especially the light scattering coefficient of the TiO2-filled sheets were improved obviously. The same light scattering coefficient was obtained when the dosage of TiO2 was only one fourth of that of CaCO3. Furthermore, an obvious inhibition of brightness reversion of HYP was achieved by TiO2 filling, and the inhibition effect on brightness reversion increased with the increment of TiO2. The HYP brightness reversion was reduced by 76.4% when the TiO2 retention amount was 21.4%. Comparatively, the inhibition effect on the brightness reversion was weak for CaCO3 filling．
Keywords：high yield pulp; paper filling; filler retention amount; paper strength property; brightness reversion
(责任编辑：陈丽卿)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Vol.32,No.1,2017Transactions of China Pulp and Paper
氢氧化钠-尿素水溶液提高高得率浆
强度的研究
刘翠翠 翟 睿 宋 冰 颜 明 周小凡*
(南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸重点实验室，江苏南京，210037)
摘 要：通过浆浓、用碱量、浸渍时间和冷冻时间的单因素实验探究氢氧化钠-尿素水溶液对阔叶木漂白热磨机械浆成纸强度的影响。实验得出的最佳工艺条件为：浆浓15%、用碱量8%、浸渍时间15 min、冷冻时间60 min（-10℃）；在该条件下，与原浆相比，处理后浆料的成纸抗张指数和耐破指数均可提高近60%，但松厚度有所降低，耐折度无明显变化。
关键词：氢氧化钠-尿素水溶液；阔叶木漂白热磨机械浆；纸张强度
中图分类号：TS758
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0017-04
Improvement of High Yield Pulp on Mechanical Strengths via NaOH/urea Aqueous Solution Treatment
LIU Cui-cui ZHAI Rui SONG Bing YAN Ming ZHOU Xiao-fan*
(Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University,
Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037)
(*E-mail: zxiaofan@njfu.com.cn)
Abstract：In this work, the thermomechanical pulp of hardwood was pretreated with a NaOH/urea aqueous solution to increase paper strength. The effects of pulp concentration, alkali dosage, soaking time, and freezing time were evaluated through single factor experiments. The optimum conditions were found as the follows: pulp consistency of 15%, alkali dosage of 8%, soaking time of 15 min, and freezing time of 60 min (-10℃). Under these conditions, the paper tensile and burst index of treated pulp increased nearly 60%, and the bulk decreased, however, there was no significant effect on folding strength．
Keywords：NaOH/urea aqueous solution; thermomechanical pulp of hardwood; paper strength
(责任编辑：关 颖)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Vol.32,No.1,2017Transactions of China Pulp and Paper
麦草浆中木素含量对其MFC增强性能的影响
李 菲1 李 群1，* 王爱姣1 刘玮哲2
（1.天津科技大学天津市制浆造纸重点实验室，天津,300457；
2.吉林晨鸣纸业有限责任公司，吉林省吉林市,132000）
摘 要：实验自制3种不同木素含量的麦草浆及相应的微纤化纤维素（MFC）产品，并以MFC为增强剂用于漂白化学热磨机械浆（BCTMP）抄片，探究其对BCTMP浆张强度性能的影响。结果表明，麦草浆中木素含量对用其制备的MFC产品增强性能具有显著影响，将木素含量分别为24.04%、11.82%和3.84%的麦草浆制得的MFC按用量5%添加到BCTMP中，手抄片裂断长分别为1.96、2.56和2.53 km，当MFC用量增至20%时，手抄片裂断长分别增加到2.48、4.17和4.61 km，低木素含量麦草浆制备的MFC增强性能更显著；扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、扫描电子显微镜-能谱仪（SEM-EDS）等定量分析结果进一步证明，麦草浆中的木素是通过抑制MFC制备过程中微纤丝的形成以及影响MFC表面活性羟基相对含量2方面作用共同影响MFC的增强性能。
关键词：微纤化纤维素（MFC）；木素；BCTMP；增强剂
中图分类号：TS727
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0021-06
Effect of Wheat Straw Pulp Lignin Content on Enhancement Performance of Its MFC Product
LI Fei1 LI Qun1,* WANG Ai-jiao1 LIU Wei-zhe2
(1. Tianjin Key Lab of Pulp & Paper, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, 300457；
2. Jilin Chenming Paper Co., Ltd, Jilin, Jilin Province, 132000)
(*E-mail: liqun@tust.edu.cn)
Abstract：The wheat straw microfibrillated celluloses (MFCs) with different lignin contents were used as strengthening agents in BCTMP handsheets. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of wheat straw pulp lignin content on its MFC enhancement of paper strength. The results showed that the lignin content of wheat straw pulp had a significant effect on its MFC enhancing performance. As the dosages of MFCs with lignin contents of 24.04%, 11.82% and 3.84% increased from 5% to 20%, the breaking length of the BCTMP handsheets were increased from 1.96, 2.56 and 2.53 km to 2.48, 4.17 and 4.61 km, respectively, indicating that the MFC prepared with low lignin content pulp could increase the paper strength prominently. The relationship between lignin content of wheat straw MFC and MFC properties was quantitatively analyzed by SEM, XPS and EDS technologies. The lignin of wheat straw pulp could inhibit the fibrillation of the pulp during MFC preparation and reduce the surface active hydroxyl group of MFC．
Keywords：microfibrillated cellulose (MFC); lignin; BCTMP; strengthening agent
(责任编辑：常 青)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Vol.32,No.1,2017Transactions of China Pulp and Paper
CMC对漂白针叶木浆悬浮液
屈服应力的影响及其应用
何 晶1 陈树润1 沙九龙1 王 晨1 张 辉1，2，*
（1.南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室，江苏南京，210037；
2.南京林业大学江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心，江苏南京，210037）
摘 要：通过向漂白针叶木浆中添加CMC来改善纸浆悬浮液的流变特性，并对纸浆悬浮液的屈服应力进行了研究。结果表明，在稳态剪切条件下，纸浆悬浮液的屈服应力τy随浆浓Cm的增大而迅速增大，两者符合指数关系τy=aCbm，且添加CMC不影响两者的指数关系；对于浓度一定的纸浆悬浮液，随CMC添加量的增加，纸浆悬浮液的屈服应力先减小后增大，当添加相对绝干浆质量约1.5%的CMC时，纸浆悬浮液的屈服应力显著减小；随浆浓的增大，CMC对其屈服应力的影响也越来越显著，向浆浓为4%的漂白针叶木浆中添加1.5% CMC时，纸浆悬浮液的屈服应力下降最多，降低了16.2%，且纸浆的搅拌能耗明显降低，降低约40.6%；此外，添加CMC会降低纸浆初始流态化时的能量耗散因子εF，使得纸浆更易于输送。实验结果可为漂白针叶木浆的输送、筛选和混合等过程的工艺节能降耗和装备技术研发与优化提供理论依据。
关键词：漂白针叶木浆；CMC；纤维悬浮液；屈服应力；能量耗散因子
中图分类号：TS734
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0027-05
Influence of the Addition of CMC on the Yield Stress of NBKP Suspension and
Its Application in Pulp Transporting and Mixing
HE Jing1 CHEN Shu-run1 SHA Jiu-long1 WANG Chen1 ZHANG Hui1,2,*
(1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing,
Jiangsu Province, 210037；
2. Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources,
Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037)
(*E-mail: zhnjfu@163.com)
Abstract：Improvement of the rheological properties, including the yield stress, of the
needles of bleached kraft pulp (NBKP) suspension was studied through adding CMC. Results showed that the yield stress increased rapidly with the pulp suspension concentration increasing under steady-state shear conditions, followed an exponent equation, and adding CMC did not affect the relationship. For a given concentration of the pulp suspension, its yield stress would increase firstly and, then, reduce with the increase of CMC dosage, and when adding 1.5% CMC (on oven dry pulp), the yield stress reduced most significantly. With the pulp suspension concentration increasing, the impact of adding CMC on the yield stress was more and more obvious, and when 1.5% of CMC was added into the pulp of 4% concentration, the yield stress reduced the most, reaching 16.2%, which could significantly reduce the energy consumption of the pulp agitation up to about 40.6%. Adding CMC might also reduce the energy dissipation factor at the onset of pulp suspension fluidization, which made it easier to be transported.
Keywords：needles of bleached kraft pulp (NBKP); CMC; fiber suspension; yield stress; energy dissipation factor
(责任编辑：陈丽卿)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Transactions of China Pulp and PaperVol.32,No.1,2017
H型和Na型羧基纤维素表面改性接枝
己内酯的比较研究
刘 瑞 付时雨*
（华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室，广东广州，510640）
摘 要：利用TEMPO/NaBr/NaClO反应体系将纤维素表面的C6-伯羟基氧化成羧基，获得羧基纤维素；以羧基纤维素为原料、己内酯为接枝共聚改性剂，通过开环聚合，合成了表面接枝聚己内酯的纤维素产物。讨论了H型和Na型羧基纤维素接枝己内酯的情况；红外光谱、核磁共振、X射线衍射、表面光电子能谱、表面接触角、热重等分析表明，H型羧基纤维素接枝己内酯的接枝率高于Na型羧基纤维素，且其接枝产物的疏水性更好、热稳定性更高。
关键词：羧基纤维素；聚己内酯；接枝改性；疏水性；热稳定性
中图分类号：TS7
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0032-08
The Comparison of Grafting Polycaprolactone on Carboxylate Celluloses in H or Na Form
LIU Rui FU Shi-yu*
(State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640)
(*E-mail: shyfu@scut.edu.cn)
Abstract：The main objective of this work is the comparison of the grafting polycaprolactone (PCL) on the surface of carboxylate celluloses in H or Na form via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in order to enhance the compatibility between the cellulose and the hydrophobic polymer matrix. In this work, cellulose was oxidized with catalysts of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO), sodium hypochlorite and sodium bromide in water. The primary hydroxyl groups were selectively oxidized into carboxyl groups. TEMPO-oxidized cellulose with sodium carboxylate groups(TOC-COONa) was completely converted to individual TEMPO-oxidized cellulose with free carboxyl groups (TOC-COOH) and dispersed in water. The two carboxylate celluloses (TOC-COONa and TOC-COOH) were dewatered and grafted with PCL by ROP. The PCL-grafted cellulosic materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), contact angle measurement, Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR) spectroscopic techniques and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses, respectively. The results indicated that TEMPO-oxidized cellulose with free carboxyl groups (TOC-COOH) was more likely to be modified by PCL, and its corresponding PCL-grafted cellulosic materials was more hydrophobic and thermal stable than that of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose with sodium carboxylate groups (TOC-COONa).
Keywords：carboxylate celluloses; polycaprolactone; grafting; hydrophobic; thermal stabilization
(责任编辑：关 颖)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Transactions of China Pulp and PaperVol.32,No.1,2017
功能性乙基纤维素复合微球的制备及性能
李 建 周冠成 朱文远 吴伟兵* 景 宜 戴红旗
(南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室,江苏省林业资源高效加工
利用协同创新中心,江苏南京,210037)
摘 要：将聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、Fe3O4纳米颗粒和染料4-甲胺基-9-烯丙基-1,8-萘酰亚胺与乙基纤维素溶液共混,利用高压静电喷雾技术一步法制得兼具温敏性、磁性和荧光性的乙基纤维素复合微球。结果表明,制备的乙基纤维素复合微球平均粒径在亚微米级,Fe3O4纳米颗粒的添加提高了复合微球的骨架强度和改善了微球形貌。当温度超过聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的低临界溶解温度时,乙基纤维素复合微球的平均粒径减小,表现出温敏性；基于微球的温敏响应,乙基纤维素复合微球表现出与染料溶液相反的温致荧光增强性能。振动样品磁强计分析结果表明,乙基纤维素复合微球具有良好的超顺磁性。
关键词：高压静电喷雾；温敏性；磁性；荧光；乙基纤维素微球
中图分类号：TS721;TB34
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0040-05
Preparation and Properties of Functional Composite Ethyl Cellulose Microspheres
LI Jian ZHOU Guan-cheng ZHU Wen-yuan WU Wei-bing* JING Yi DAI Hong-qi
(Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University,
Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037)
(*E-mail: wbwu@njfu.edu.cn)
Abstract：Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAAM), Fe3O4 nanoparticles and dye 4-(methylamino)-9-methyl-1,8-naphthalimide (MMNI) were premixed with the solution of ethyl cellulose ethanol, and high-voltage electrostatic spraying technology was applied to prepare thermo-responsive, magnetic and fluorescent microspheres by one-step method. Results showed that the average particle size of the obtained ethyl cellulose microspheres was in submicron level. The addition of Fe3O4 increased the strength of microsphere skeleton and improved the morphology of microspheres. The average particle size of microspheres decreased as temperature exceeded the lower critical solution temperature of PNIPAAM, indicating the thermo-responsiveness of composite microspheres. Microspheres showed temperature-induced enhancement of fluorescence based on their thermo-responsiveness. Vibrating sample magnetometer analysis showed that the composite microspheres possessed good superparamagnetism．
Keywords：high-voltage electrostatic spraying; thermo-responsiveness; magnetism; fluorescence; ethyl cellulose microsphere
(责任编辑：陈丽卿)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Vol.32,No.1,2017Transactions of China Pulp and Paper
RST数字控制器及其在
时延系统中的应用
李明辉 宋忠柱* 徐文力 谭礼斌 李光辉
(陕西科技大学机电工程学院,陕西西安,710021)
摘 要：RST数字控制器是一个三支路结构控制器,可以等效为一个前向预测器和一个无时延的控制器,能够很好地解决时延系统中的相位变化问题,使系统具有较好的鲁棒性。PID控制器、PID-Smith预估控制器和RST数字控制器的仿真实验表明,在这3种控制器中,RST数字控制器的跟踪性能和抑制扰动性能最好,而且对于参数不定的系统,其还具有较强的鲁棒性。
关键词：RST数字控制器；时延系统；相位；鲁棒性
中图分类号：TP273;TS7
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0045-05
RST Digital Controller and Its Application in Time Delay System
LI Ming-hui SONG Zhong-zhu* XU Wen-li TAN Li-bin LI Guang-hui
(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710021)
(*E-mail: 342497333@qq.com)
Abstract：The traditional control strategy does not focus on a problem of the robustness of the control system. The design goal of the controller is still to achieve good tracking performance and regulation performance level, and it is difficult to obtain satisfactory control effect for the time delay system. RST digital controller is a three branches structure controller which can be equivalent to a front predictor and a no delay controller, can solve the phase change of the time delay system, make the system with improved robustness. By simulation of three kinds of controllers of PID controller, PID-Smith controller and RST controller, the results show that the tracking performance and disturbance rejection performance of RST digital controller is the best, and it has strong robustness to the system with parameter uncertainty．
Keywords：digital controller; time delay system; phase; robustness
(责任编辑：关 颖)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Transactions of China Pulp and PaperVol.32,No.1,2017
基于ANN和LSSVR的造纸废水处理过程
软测量建模
汪 瑶1 徐 亮1 殷文志1 胡慕伊1 黄明智3 刘鸿斌1,2,*
(1.南京林业大学江苏省制浆造纸科学与技术重点实验室,江苏南京,210037；
2.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广东广州,510640；
3.中山大学水资源与环境系,广东广州,510275)
摘 要：针对造纸废水处理系统的时变性、非线性和复杂性等特点,将人工神经网络(ANN)和最小二乘支持向量回归(LSSVR)分别用于造纸废水处理过程中的软测量建模,实现造纸废水处理过程中出水化学需氧量和出水悬浮固形物浓度的预测。ANN采用误差反向传播算法建模,LSSVR通过粒子群优化算法进行模型参数优化。结果表明,与ANN模型预测结果相比,LSSVR模型预测结果的均方根误差降低了50%以上,相关系数提高了近10%,表明LSSVR模型在造纸废水处理过程中的预测精度高于ANN模型。
关键词：人工神经网络；最小二乘支持向量回归；造纸废水处理；软测量建模；粒子群优化算法
中图分类号：X793
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0050-05
Soft Sensor Modeling of Papermaking Wastewater Treatment Processes Based on ANN and LSSVR
WANG Yao1 XU Liang1 YIN Wen-zhi1 HU Mu-yi1 HUANG Ming-zhi3 LIU Hong-bin1,2,*
(1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing,
Jiangsu Province, 210037；
2. State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology,
Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640;
3. Department of Water Resources and Environment, Sun Yat-Sen University,
Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510275)
(*E-mail: hbinjm@163.com)
Abstract：Concerning the time-varying, nonlinear, and complex characteristics of papermaking wastewater treatment systems, soft sensor modeling methods based on artificial neural network (ANN) and least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) were used to predict effluent chemical oxygen demand and suspended solids in a papermaking wastewater treatment process. ANN model was established by using error back propagation algorithm. The particle warm optimization was used to optimize model parameters in the LSSVR model. The results showed that the root mean square error of LSSVR model reduced by more than 50% compared with that of ANN model, and the correlation coefficient of LSSVR model increased by about 10% compared with that of ANN model. These results indicated that the LSSVR model had better prediction performance and higher accuracy compared to the ANN model in papermaking wastewater treatment process．
Keywords：artificial neural network; least squares support vector regression; papermaking wastewater treatment; soft sensor modeling; particle swarm optimization
(责任编辑：陈丽卿)
中 国 造 纸 学 报
Vol.32,No.1,2017Transactions of China Pulp and Paper
综 述
竹纤维细胞壁研究进展
胡凯莉 黄艳辉* 姚春丽 类延豪 赵 畅
(北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院,北京,100083)
摘 要：竹纤维细胞壁的多壁层构造是竹材卓越性能的决定因素,也是难以攻克的基础问题。文中阐述了竹纤维细胞壁的超微结构、力学性能和化学特征,以深入探讨竹纤维细胞壁的多壁层构造，同时，总结了关于竹纤维细胞壁研究的概况，以期为读者深入认识竹材、了解竹纤维细胞壁及其相关理论和应用提供参考。
关键词：竹纤维细胞壁；微纤丝角；多壁层构造；力学性能；化学组成
中图分类号：TS721+.2
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1000-6842（2017）01-0055-07
Research Advances in Bamboo Fiber Cell Wall
HU Kai-li HUANG Yan-hui* YAO Chun-li LEI Yan-hao ZHAO Chang
(College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083)
(*E-mail: huangyanhui@bjfu.edu.cn)
Abstract：The multilayered structure of bamboo cell wall plays a decisive role in the excellent property of bamboo. In order to deeply comprehend the multilayered structure of bamboo fiber wall, not only the ultra structure, mechanical properties and chemical characteristics of bamboo fiber wall were systematically described, but also the research status was summarized.
Keywords：bamboo fiber cell wall; microfiber angle; multi-layer structure; mechanical property; chemical characteristic
(责任编辑：马 忻) | 
