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首页 >> 中国造纸杂志社 >> 中国造纸学报 >> 摘要 >> 《中国造纸学报》2004年第2期摘要
麦秆不同形态区域中硅的碱稳定性

邱玉桂1  云  娜2  蔡联生1  董  晖3

(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州,510640;2.广东轻工职业技术学院,广州,510300;3.河南银鸽实业投资股份有限公司,河南漯河,462000)

摘  要:用SEM-EDAX法研究麦草原料中的Si在碱法制浆过程中的残留情况。结果表明,在碱法制浆过程中,麦秆外表面皮层及皮下纤维层中的Si对碱的稳定性较差,麦秆内部的维管束及内表皮层中Si的碱稳定性较高;原料的Si脱除率仅为60%~70%,浆中残留的Si量为30%~40%,且主要分布在麦秆内部的细胞中。不同部位中Si的碱稳定性不同意味着Si等矿质元素存在的化学状态的差异。

关键词:麦草原料;碱法制浆;Si转移率;碱稳定性;化学状态

                             Alkali Stability of Silicon in Different Morphological Regions of Wheat Stem

QIU Yu-gui1,Yun Na2  CAI Lian-sheng1  Dong Hui3

(1.State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640;2.Guangdong Industry Technical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510300) Abstract: The profile of residual silicon in different parts of wheat stem during alkaline pulping was studied by means of SEM-EDAX. The results show that, under the experimental conditions, the alkali stability of silicon in outer cuticle and in its neighboring fiber wall is lower, and that of the silicon in bundle sheath and in inner epidermis is very high. The removal rate of silicon of wheat stem is only 60% to 70%. The residual silicon, about 30% to 40% of the original silicon, mainly remains in the inner organs and inner epidermis of the stem. The obvious distinction of alkali stability indicates the remarkable differences in chemical state of the mineral elements such as silicon etc. in the various parts of wheat stem.

Key words: wheat straw; alkaline pulping; transferring rate of silicon; alkali stability; chemical state

                                                甘蔗茎中化学元素的微区分布

张树滨  邱玉桂  方观瑞

(华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点试验室,广州,510641) 摘  要:用扫描电镜-能谱仪研究了甘蔗茎皮层的外表面和横切面中Si等元素的含量及分布。结果表明,皮层外表面不同形态区域中Si等元素的含量不同,颗粒物是Si高度密集的部位,Si的含量高达58.23%;平坦处的Si含量较低,为44.42%;颗粒物块及其连接处中所含Si的原子数相同,但所含C、O元素的原子数则相反。横切面中,皮层中Si的密度高且分布呈外层低里层高的规律性;维管束及薄壁细胞中Si的含量较低且分布较均匀,皮下纤维层中Si的含量最低,具有明显不同于麦秆的特点。实验结果预示不同部位中硅化物的组成及元素化学状态的差异。

关键词:甘蔗茎;扫描电镜-能谱仪;元素分布;硅化物;化学状态

                                     Distribution of Chemical Elements in Sugarcane Stem

ZHANG Shu-bin   QIU Yu-gui  FANG Guan-rui (State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510641)

Abstract: Distribution of chemical elements in cuticle and the transverse section of sugarcane stem were studied by means of SEM-EDAX. The results show that the content of silicon and other chemical elements in various morphological regions of cuticle surface is different, the granules are rich of silicon, where its content is up to 58.23 percent, on the other hand,the flat area has a little lower content of 44.42 percent. The atom number of silicon in granule body and its surrounding area are the same, but that of carbon as well as oxygen are contrary.     In transverse section, the concentration of silicon in cuticle is the highest, in the regions of fibrovascular bundle and parenchyma tissue is lower but uniform, and in fibrious layer is the lowest. The profile of chemical elements is distinct from that of wheat stem. The results indicate the difference of compositions of silicides and the chemical states of elements concerned in various regions. Key words: sugarcane stem; SEM-EDAX; elements distribution; silicides; chemical state

                                                   从木素结构的变化看荻乙醇制浆机理

张美云

(陕西科技大学,陕西咸阳,712081)

摘  要:通过IR、1H-NMR技术初步研究了荻自催化乙醇制浆中木素结构的变化。 结果表明,制浆过程中,木素结构被破坏程度较小,黑液中木素仍含有大量活性基因(羟基)。MWL和CL(从黑液中提取的木素)两者结构变化较小,反应过程中紫丁香基结构单元(S型)和对羟苯基结构单元(H型)木素易被脱除,并伴有木素α-O-4醚键的断裂。

关键词:荻;乙醇制浆;木素

                                   Structural Change of Silvergrass Lignin in Auto-catalyzed Ethanol-water Pulping

ZHANG Mei-yun (Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, 712081)

Abstract: The structural change of silvergrass lignin in Auto-catalyzed ethanol-water pulping was studied by IR and 1H-NMR. The analysis result showed that the structures of MWL and CL (lignin separated from black liquor) were alike. But there were more syringy (S) and parahydroxy-pheny (H) units in CL, and more cleavage of α-ether linkages (α-O-4) was founded in CL compared with in MWL.

Key words: silvergrass; ethanol-water pulping; lignin

                                                             非木材纤维自催化乙醇制浆的特点

张美云

(陕西科技大学,陕西咸阳,712081)

摘  要: 与传统化学制浆相比,非木材纤维自催化乙醇制浆的制浆工艺及成浆性能都有明显的特殊性。以荻原料为例,分别对其未漂浆的洗涤工艺、制浆过程中灰分的变化、纤维分离点、浆中木素含量与卡伯值的关系等的特殊性进行了分析和讨论。

关键词:乙醇制浆;洗涤;灰分;纤维分离点;卡伯值

                                                  Features of Silvergrass Auto-Catalyzed Ethanol Pulping

Zhang Mei-yun (Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, 712081)

Abstract: Compared with the conventional chemical pulping, auto-catalyzed ethanol-water pulping is of apparent speciality in pulping technology and the resultant pulp properties. In this paper, the features of brown pulp washing technology, the change of ash content during pulping, the fiber liberation point as well as the relation of kappa number and lignin content of the pulp were discussed with silvergrass as example. Key words: ethanol-water pulping; washing; kappa number; fiber liberation point; ash

                                                     三倍体毛白杨常规APMP与P-RC APMP的制浆研究

孔凡功1,2  陈嘉川2  詹怀宇1  杨桂花2  李昭成2

(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州,510640;2.山东轻工业学院轻化与环境工程学院,济南,250100)

摘  要:对三倍体毛白杨分别进行了常规APMP与P-RC APMP制浆的研究,通过对两种浆料性能的比较发现,在相同化学药品用量、相同化学药品分配、相近打浆度时,P-RC APMP具有较高的松厚度、白度、不透明度和光散射系数,而常规APMP具有较高的紧度和物理强度;纤维质量分析和纤维筛分分析表明,常规APMP具有较多的长纤维组分,较少的细小纤维组分和粗大纤维束,其纤维平均长度略长于P-RC APMP,而两者的纤维卷曲指数和纤维扭结指数基本相同。

关键词:常规APMP;P-RC APMP;三倍体毛白杨;纤维质量分析;纤维筛分分析

                                        Comparison of Conventional APMP and P-RC APMP of a Hybrid Poplar

KONG Fan-gong1,2, CHEN Jia-chuan2  ZHAN Huai-yu1  YANG Gui-hua2  LI Zhao-cheng2 (1. State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology,Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640; 2. Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100)

Abstract: The comparisons of conventional APMP and P-RC APMP of a hybrid poplar, the triploid of populus tomentosa were investigated in this paper. The results showed that on the condition of the same chemicals distribution between the first pretreatment stage and the second stage, the same chemical charge and the similar beating degree, P-RC APMP, compared with conventional APMP, obtained higher brightness, bulk, opacity and light scatting coefficient, while conventional APMP had higher density and physical strength properties. Fiber quality analysis and fiber classification illustrated that conventional APMP, compared with P-RC APMP, owned more long fiber fraction, less fine fraction. Fiber average length of conventional APMP was longer than that of P-RC APMP. Both fiber curl index and fiber kink index of these two pulps were similar. Key words: conventional APMP; P-RC APMP; the triploid of populus tomentosa; fiber quality analysis; fiber classification

                                            热水和木聚糖酶预处理制备麦草碱法化机浆的研究

葛培锦1,2,3  赵  建2  曲音波2,*  尤纪雪1  陈嘉川3 (1.南京林业大学,江苏南京,210037;  2.山东大学微生物技术国家重点实验室,山东济南,250100;3.山东轻工业学院,山东济南,250100)

摘  要: 对热水和木聚糖酶预处理的麦草碱法化学机械制浆过程中热水和木聚糖酶预处理的效果进行了研究。结果表明,在适宜条件下,采用热水和木聚糖酶预处理原料可以有效改善麦草碱法化机浆的抗张指数和撕裂度、降低碱的消耗,虽然成浆的白度稍有降低,但可漂性增加,漂白浆白度增加。热水预处理适宜的温度是90℃,酶预处理段较佳的木聚糖酶用量和处理时间分别为15 IU/g和120min。

关键词: 热水;木聚糖酶;预处理;化学机械制浆;麦草

                         Bio-Chemi-Mechanical Pulping of Wheat Straw with Hot Water and Xylanase Pretreatment

GE Pei-jin1,2,3  ZHAO Jian2  QU Yin-bo2,YOU Ji-xue1  CHEN Jia-chuan3 (1. Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province,210037; 2. State

Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100; 3. Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100)

Abstract: Effect of hot water and xylanase pretreatment prior to soda treatment on chemi-mechanical pulping of wheat straw was studied. The results showed that pretreatment with hot water and xylanase prior to soda treatment improved tensile index and tear index of the chemi-mechanical pulp, and decreased soda consumption in chemical treatment stage. Compared to the controls, pretreatment with hot water and xylanase led to brightness decrease of chemi-mechanical pulp. However, the brightness of bleached pulp from pretreated wheat straw was higher in the same conditions of peroxide hydrogen bleaching. The suitable conditions of pretreatment with hot water were 90℃, 60min and with xylanase were 15 IU/g (on oven dry wheat straw), 48℃, 120min, pH 4.8, respectively. Key words: hot water; xylanase; pretreatment; chemi mechanical pulping; wheat straw

                                                 思茅松乙醇-硫酸盐法制浆性能研究

周学飞  刘宏华  朱正良

(昆明理工大学,昆明,650224)

摘  要:研究了蒸煮液中乙醇的摩尔分数对蒸煮脱木素、纸浆白度、得率、粘度、脱木素选择性、黑液残碱和纸浆物理性能的影响。

关键词:乙醇-硫酸盐法制浆;思茅松;脱木素

                                                  Ethanol-Kraft Pulping of Simao Pine

ZHOU Xue-fei  LIU Hong-hua  ZHU Zheng-liang (Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650224)

Abstract: This paper studied the effect of ethanol mole ratio in cooking liquor  on delignification and its selectivity, brightness, yield and visicosity of the pulp, black liquor properties as well as the physical properties of the resultant pulp in ethanol-kraft pulping of simao pine. Key words: ethanol-kraft pulping; simao pine; delignification

                                               氢醌化合物对针叶木硫酸盐纸浆氧脱木素的影响

付时雨1  Lucia A.Lucian2  柴欣生2  詹怀宇1

(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室, 广州,510641;2.乔治亚理工大学造纸研究所, 亚特兰大,乔治亚,美国,GA30332) 摘  要:研究了具有氧化还原性的氢醌类化合物作为氧脱木素过程的添加物。结果表明,氢醌的加入可以降低纸浆的卡伯值,提高氧脱木素的选择性。其原因是氢醌的存在可以提高O2转化成为含氧的活性反应产物,加速木素中甲氧基的脱除,有利于破坏木素的结构和脱除木素。

关键词:氢醌化合物;硫酸盐纸浆;氧脱木素;甲醇

                                      Effect of Hydroquinone Compounds on Oxygen Delignification of Softwood Kraft Pulp

FU Shi-yu1  Lucia A. Lucian2  CHAI Xin-sheng2  ZHAN Huai-yu1

(1.State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510641; 2. Institute of Paper Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, GA 30332) Abstract: The reductive compounds, especially compounds with hydroquinone structure,take an important role in alkaline oxygen delignification system to improve the selectivity of lignin removal. The reason is that these compounds are benefit to increase the oxygen active species in the oxygen delignification system, which can accelerate demethoxylation and to destroy lignin. The compounds in liquor after oxygen delignification were analyzed by Py-GC_MS to show that hydroquinone compounds can improve lignin removal and protect cellulose while hemicellulose is removed with lignin.

Key words: hydroquinone compounds; kraft pulp; oxygen delignification; methanol

                                             马尾松热磨机械浆在过氧化氢漂白中的表面特征

吴宗华  陈少平

(福建师范大学化学与材料学院,福州,350007) 摘  要:用CIE1976 La*b*色度系统和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)表征了H2O2漂白的马尾松热磨机械浆(TMP)的表面。实验结果表明,H2O2漂白大幅度提高了浆的白度和L*值,减少了a*值和b*值;提高H2O2用量,几乎不改变L*和a*值,但b*值随H2O2用量的增大而逐渐减小。马尾松TMP的XPS谱图显示,H2O2漂白的主要作用之一是降低马尾松TMP表面的可溶木质素和提取物的含量,增加纤维素和酚羟基的含量。与预期的效果相反,漂白后TMP的XPS谱图中的C3峰面积没减小。

关键词:马尾松;TMP;过氧化氢漂白;XPS

                          Surface Characteristic of H2O2-Bleached Thermo-Mechanical Pulp from Pinus Massoniana Lamb

WU Zong-hua1, CHEN Shao-ping2 (1. Institute of Polymer Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350007; 2. College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350007)

Abstract: Surface characteristic of H2O2-bleached thermo mechanical pulp (TMP) from pinus massoniana Lamb was studied by using CIE1976 L*a*b* system and XPS. The results showed that H2O2-bleaching increased significantly the brightness and L* values, and reduced a* values and b* values of the TMP. The increase in concentration of H2O2 did not change L* and a* values very much, but decreased b* values of TMP. The XPS spectra of the bleached TMP showed that H2O2-bleaching decreased significantly the contents of dissolving lignin and extracts, and increased cellulose and phenolic hydroxyl groups on the pulp surface. The C3 peak area in XPS spectra of the bleached pulp changed very little, suggesting that more O—C—O and C—O—CO structures were present on surface of the bleached pulp.

Key words: masson pine; TMP; H2O2 bleaching; XPS

                                                       三倍体毛白杨EMCC纸浆TCF漂白的研究

刘  玉1,2  詹怀宇1  陈嘉川2  李宗全1

(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州,510640,2.山东轻工业学院,山东济南,250100)

摘  要:经过实验室模拟的延伸改良连续蒸煮(EMCC),得到EMCC纸浆:白度35.8%ISO,卡伯值12.3,粘度966 mg/L。对EMCC纸浆进行OQP全无氯漂白,通过对O段中NaOH用量和温度对氧脱木素效果的影响,确定O段最适宜的工艺条件为:浆浓10%,用碱量3%,MgSO4 0.5%,氧压 0.6MPa,温度95℃,时间60min。 通过对Q段中不同EDTA用量和初始pH值对后续H2O2漂白效果影响的研究,确定较适宜的工艺条件为:浆浓10%,EDTA用量0.3%,初始pH值3,温度70℃,时间60min。P段较适宜的工艺条件为:浆浓10%,H2O2 用量3%,MgSO4 0.1%,NaOH 1.5%,温度90℃,时间180min。在优化的OQP条件下,EMCC纸浆的白度可达80%ISO以上,并保持较好的强度。

关键词:三倍体毛白杨;EMCC;TCF漂白

                                             TCF Bleaching of the EMCC Pulp from Triploid of Polulus Tomentosa

LIU Yu1,2,ZHAN Huai-yu1  CHEN Jia-chuan2  LI Zong-quan1

(1.State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640; 2. Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100) Abstract: The triploid of Polulus tomentosa pulp with brightness 35.8%ISO, kappa number 12.3, viscosity 996mg/L was prepared in the laboratory by simulative EMCC process. This EKP was bleached with a TCF process-OQP sequence. The conditions in O, Q and P stages were optimized as: O stage: pulp consistency 10%, NaOH dosage 3%, MgSO4 0.5%, oxygen pressure 0.6 MPa, at 90℃ for 60 min; Q stage: pulp consistency 10%, EDTA dosage 0.3%, initial pH value 3, at 70℃ for 60 minutes; P stage: pulp consistency 10%, H2O2 dosage 3%, MgSO4 0.1%, NaOH 1.5%, at 90℃ for 210 minutes. Under the optimal conditions, the bleached EKP pulp with a brightness over 80%ISO and high physical strength was obtained.

Key words: the triploid of Polulus Tomentosa; EMCC pulp; TCF

                                            木聚糖酶的定向制备及其在制浆造纸工业中的应用

勇  强  尤纪雪  顾祺萍  刘超纲  余世袁

(南京林业大学化学工程学院,江苏南京,210037)

摘  要:里氏木霉以7g/L木聚糖为碳源制备低纤维素酶活木聚糖酶,木聚糖酶活、CMC酶活和木聚糖酶与CMC酶的酶活比在培养2天时分别为95.1IU/mL、0.258IU/mL和368.6;延长产酶时间到第4天,酶活比提高到1401.1。当木聚糖酶用于漂白预处理,且其用量为5IU/g时,可使漂白纸浆白度由76.5%SBD提高至82.0%SBD,而卡伯值由4.31降至2.13;当木聚糖酶用于废纸脱墨且其用量为3IU/g时,与对照浆相比,脱墨浆白度提高了2.8%SBD、尘埃度下降了71.5%,同时在酶用量为1~9IU/g范围内,脱墨浆的裂断长、耐破指数和撕裂指数均比原浆有所提高。

关键词:木聚糖酶;里氏木霉;生物漂白;生物脱墨

                                              Xylanase Selectively Preparation and Application in Pulp and Paper Industry

YONG Qiang  YOU Ji-xue  GU Qi-ping  LIU Chao-gang  YU Shi-yuan  (Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037)

Abstract: Low cellulase containing xylanase could be prepared by Trichoderma reesei. The activities of xylanase, CMCase and xylanase/CMCase were 95.1 IU/mL, 0.258 IU/mL and 368.6 respectively for 2-day cultivation, the xylanase/CMCase increased to 1401.1 while the fermentation time increased to 4 days. When the low cellulase containing xylanase was used for biobleaching and the pulp was pretreated with the dosage of 5 IU/g pulp before bleaching, the brightness of the pulp increased from 76.5%SBD to 82.0%SBD and the kappa value decreased from 4.31 to 2.13 compared with the conventional bleaching. The result of xylanase deinking, which the optimal dosage was 3 IU/g pulp, was that the brightness of deinked pulp increased 2.8%SBD and the dirt count decreased 71.5 % compared with that of the control pulp. Meanwhile, the breaking length, burst index and tear index were improved after bio-deinking when 1~9 IU/g pulp xylanase was used.

Key words: xylanase; Trichoderma reesei; bio-bleaching; bio-deinking

                                                         旧报纸漆酶脱墨工艺的研究

徐清华1,2  秦梦华1  石淑兰3  张爱萍1  徐  谦1

(1.山东轻工业学院制浆造纸工程重点学科,山东济南,250100;  2.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州,510640;3.天津科技大学环境与化学工程学院,天津,300222)

摘  要:对旧报纸漆酶脱墨工艺进行了研究。得出了最佳工艺条件:漆酶用量10 LAMU/g, 介体(Violuric Acid)用量0.5%,碎浆时间30 min,保温时间15 min,通氧气,温度55~60℃。在此条件下进行脱墨, 所得脱墨浆白度与对照浆相比有所降低,但可漂性提高。漂白后浆白度达到52.4% ISO,与对照浆相比提高4.2% ISO。此时裂断长为2.16 km,撕裂指数为7.01mN•m2/g,与对照浆相比分别提高了20%和13%。

关键词:旧报纸;漆酶;脱墨

                                           Deinking of Old Newspaper (ONP) with Laccase Mediator System

XU Qing-hua1,2,QIN Meng-hua1  SHI Shu-lan3  ZHANG Ai-ping1  XU Qian1 (1.Shandong Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Jinan, Shandong Province,250100; 2. Stake Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province,510640;3. Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300222)

Abstract: Deinking technology of ONP with Laccase Mediator System (LMS) was studied. Results showed that the optimum pulping conditions were: laccase charge 10 LAMU/g, mediator (violuric acid) charge 0.5%, time of pulping 30 min, and the retention time of the pulp at the optimum temperature 15 min. The brightness of the LMS deinked pulp was lower than the control pulp. However, the brightness of the LMS deinked pulp bleached with H2O2 was 52.4%ISO which was 4.2 points higher than that of the control pulp. The breaking length and the tearing index of the deinked pulps were 20% and 13% higher respectively than those of control pulp. Key words: ONP; LMS; deinking

                                                   自催化乙醇法麦草浆无氯漂白工艺的研究

徐永建  张美云

(陕西科技大学造纸工程学院,陕西省造纸技术及特种纸品开发重点实验室,陕西咸阳,712081) 摘  要:研究了乙醇法麦草浆全无氯漂白工艺,实验结果表明:采用OOpZP和ZOOpP两种组合漂白,漂后纸浆白度都在80%SBD以上,ZOOpP漂白麦草浆的物理强度基本接近硫酸盐法CEH漂白浆的物理强度。

关键词:全无氯漂白;臭氧;H2O2;氧碱漂白

                                              TCF Bleaching of Auto-Catalyzed Ethanol Wheat Straw Pulp

Xu Yong-jian  Zhang Mei-yun (Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, 712081)

Abstract: The total-chlorine-free bleaching of ethanol wheat straw pulp was studied. The result showed that the brightness of the pulp was up to 80%SBD with OOpZP or ZOOpP bleaching, and the strength of the pulp was similar to that of KP when ZOOpP bleaching was applied.

Key words: auto-catalyzed ethanol wheat straw pulp;total-chlorine-free bleaching;ozone;hydrogen peroxide

                                        Phanerochaete sordida YK-624胞外酶的特性及其对纸浆的漂白作用

谢慧芳1  李忠正1  近藤隆一郎2

(1.南京林业大学,江苏南京,210037;2.九州大学,日本福冈,812-8581)

摘  要:以Phanerochaete sordida YK-624进行液体培养得到胞外酶液,从纸浆的生物漂白角度考察其酶学性质。对在漂白过程中可能涉及到的锰过氧化物酶(MnP)、过氧化物酶(LiP)、漆酶(Laccase)、木聚糖酶和纤维素酶的活性进行了测定。结果表明,其中主要表现为锰过氧化物酶的活性,未检测到纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的活性。这种酶液进行生物漂白不会造成纤维强度等性质的下降。本文对其中占主要活性成分的锰过氧化物酶的影响因素进行了探讨,发现温度、H2O2浓度、pH值对其活性影响较大,温度对酶液的稳定性也有较大影响。其发挥较佳活性的条件是:温度30℃、H2O2浓度1.0 mmol/L、pH值4.5。Mn2+浓度对其活性影响较小。利用液体培养的胞外酶液对几种未漂浆进行了生物漂白,结果表明,在各自最佳条件下,硫酸盐阔叶木浆白度可提高30.4%ISO,碱法杨木/麦草(30/70)混合浆白度可提高17.9%SBD,碱法稻草浆白度可提高12.1%SBD。

关键词:锰过氧化物酶;生物漂白;酶学性质

                                   Properties of Extracellular Enzymes from Phanerochaete Sordida YK-624 and Its Application in KP Bleaching

XIE Hui-fang1,LI Zhong-zheng1  RYUICHIRO Pondo2 (1.Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037; 2. Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 812-8581)

Abstract: The activities and some key properties of extracelluar enzymes from phanerochaete sordida YK-624 were investigated. The activities of manganese peroxidase (MnP), lignin peroxidase (LiP), laccase, xylanase and cellulase were determined. The results showed that MnP was the main enzyme and the xylanase and cellulase were not detected. Cellulase-free MnP activity was beneficial to bio-bleaching because the strength of fiber could not be affected. In this study, the biotechnological potential of culture supernatant from YK-624 was investigated, with the emphasis on the factor related to MnP activity. It was found that temperature, H2O2 concentration and pH were important for MnP. The optimum hydrogen peroxide concentration was at 1.0 mmol/L and the maximal MnP activity was obtained at pH 4.5. Concerning the high activity and the thermostability, 30℃ was selected for bio-bleaching. Mn2+ concentration had little effect on the activity of MnP. Three kinds of unbleached kraft pulps, hardwood pulp, mixture of 30% poplar and 70% wheat straw pulp, and straw pulp were bleached by the enzyme liquor. The brightnesses were increased by 30.4%ISO, 17.9%SBD and 12.1%SBD respectively. These results suggest a potential application of cellulase-free supernatants from P.sordida YK-624 in bio-bleaching. Key words: manganese peroxidase; bio-bleaching; properties of enzymes 

                                              磨浆过程中P-RC APMP浆料及纤维特性变化的研究

孔凡功1,2  陈嘉川2  詹怀宇1  杨桂花2  李昭成2

(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州,510640;2.山东轻工业学院制浆造纸工程省级重点学科,济南,250100) 摘  要:对在P-RC APMP制浆中,磨浆程度对最终浆料及纤维特性的影响进行了探讨。通过对浆料纤维的筛分分析和纤维质量分析表明,在P-RC APMP制浆过程中,随着磨浆程度的增加,浆中长纤维组分含量下降,细小纤维含量增加,纤维粗度和纤维平均长度减小,同时纤维的卷曲和扭结程度有所增加,纤维的柔软度增加。SEM观察发现,随着磨浆的进行,纤维彼此分离并发生不同程度的细纤维化,同时伴随着纤维细胞壁的破损。提高磨浆程度,纤维细纤维化程度加强,所得纸页表面平滑,具有较少的空隙,纸页中具有较多的细小纤维和纤维碎片。增加磨浆程度,浆料强度提高,这是由于纤维细纤维化程度的提高及由此引起的纤维柔软度的增加而最终导致纤维结合力提高。

关键词:纤维特性;磨浆;纤维质量分析;纤维筛分;扫描电镜观察

                                     Changes of Pulp Properties and Fiber Characteristics in P-RC APMP Pulping

Kong Fan-gong1,2,Chen Jia-chuan2  Zhan Huai-yu1  Yang Gui-hua2  Li Zhao-cheng2 (1. State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640; 2. Shandong Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100)

Abstract: The change of pulp properties and fiber characteristics during the refining in the P-RC APMP process was investigated in this paper. The results showed that increasing the beating degree could reduce the long- and middle- fiber fraction and increase fines fraction. At the same time, the average fiber length and fiber coarseness descended gradually, while the curl index, kink index of the fibers and softness of the fibers increased. The results from SEM observation illustrated that during the refining, with the defiberation and fibrillation, many fibers were cut, broken and split. The higher beating degree, the higher fiber fibrillation extent, softness and inter-fiber bonding ability the fiber had. With increasing of beating degree, the surface of handsheets became more smooth and the porosity on the paper surface reduced. The pulp strength properties developed with beating degree increasing, it was mainly ascribed to the fiber fibrillation. Key words: fiber characteristics; refining; fiber quality analysis; fiber classification; SEM

                                                       臭氧氧化后麦草碱木质素磺化反应性能的研究

刘晓萍1  王海燕2

(1.南京林业大学,南京,210037;2.南京工业大学化学化工学院,南京,210009)

摘  要:首次对O3/H2O2氧化降解木质素产物进行改性研究,测定了不同氧化反应条件下的碱木质素磺化改性后的物化性能。在O3用量5%、温度20℃、pH值11.68、H2O2的用量2.5%的氧化反应后的氧化木质素,经高温磺化后,磺酸基含量最大;此时,木质素产品的表面活性也较好;在H2O2用量为10%、pH值7.08、温度20℃、O3用量5%的O3/H2O2氧化反应条件下,氧化木质素经过高温磺化后,分散性能大大改善。

关键词:麦草碱木质素;O3/H2O2氧化;磺化改性

                                                Modification of Ozone-Oxidized Straw Alkaline Lignin

LIU Xiao-ping1,WANG Hai-yan2 (1.Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037; 2. Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210009)

Abstract: Oxidizing and degrading of straw alkaline lignin with O3/H2O2 were studied. The physic-chemical properties of the sulfonated modified straw lignin were determined. It was found that the sulfonic acid group content was highest when the oxidized lignin was sulfonated at high temperature, the oxidized lignin was prepared with the conditions of O3 charge 5%, temperature 20 ℃, pH 11.68 and H2O2 dosage 2.5%. The lignin product had good surface activity. On the other hand, the dispersive property of lignin product was improved significantly when it was prepared by sulfonation of the oxidized lignin at high temperature, the oxidized lignin was prepared with O3/H2O2 under the following conditions: H2O2 dosage 10%, pH 7.08, temperature 20℃, O3 charge 5%.Key words: wheat straw alkaline lignin; O3/H2O2 oxidizing; sulfonation modifying 

                                                     苛化白泥在陶瓷材料中的应用研究

张旭东1,3  何  文1  陈嘉川2  沈建兴1

(1.山东轻工业学院材料系;2. 山东轻工业学院轻化系;3. 山东大学晶体材料国家重点实验室,济南,250100) 摘  要:根据草浆碱回收苛化白泥的组成、性能特点,将其应用于陶瓷材料的实际生产中并进行了低成本无害化处理。实验结果表明,白泥是一种优质的钙质原料。通过实验配方的调整,白泥在陶瓷石灰釉中的用量为15%~22%,在水晶熔块中的用量为25%,在低温合成硅灰石中的用量可达70%,合成的硅灰石用于试制釉面砖可实现低温一次快速烧成。其应用产品的理化性能指标均达到国家标准,每吨产品可消耗白泥0.05~0.2t,降低成本10%~18%。

关键词:苛化白泥;石灰釉;陶瓷熔块;釉面砖

                                                  Application of White Sludge of Paper Industry in Ceramic Material

ZHANG Xu-dong1,3,HE Wen1  CHEN Jia-chuan2  SHEN Jian-xing1

(1. Department of Material, Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100; 2. Department of Light Chemical Industry, Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100; 

3. State Key Lab of Crystal Material, Shandong University, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100)

Abstract: White sludge of paper industry is a kind of solid wastes. It mainly contains CaCO3 (>85%), its particles are fine (≤5μm) and have high activity. The white sludge after processing can be used as calcareous raw material of ceramics. According to the characteristics of the composition and property of the sludge, taking the sludge as the main raw material and selecting calcareous glaze, quartzy frit, synthetic wollastonite and wollastonite glaze tile as the objects of the study, the sludge was harmlessly processed with lower cost. The results indicated that the sludge is the high quality calcareous raw material. By adjusting the experimental formula, the used amount of the sludge was 15%~22% in the calcareous glaze, 25 % in the quartzy frit and 70 % in the synthetic wollastonite. Lowtemperature and fast sinter could be realized by using the synthetic wollastonite for producing the glaze tile. The physical and chemical performance of the products reached the state standards. 0.05~0.2 tons of white sludge were used for producing one ton product, it would decrease the product cost by 10%~18%. Key words: white sludge; calcareous raw material; calcareous glaze; quartzy frit; synthetic wollastonite; glazed tile

                                             碱性和中性亚硫酸盐法制浆废液合成木素铁铬盐的研究

张运展  于俊杰  李  源

(大连轻工业学院,辽宁大连,116034) 摘  要:对中性亚硫酸钠-蒽醌法杨木浆废液(NS-L)和碱性亚硫酸钠-蒽醌法落叶松废液(AS-L) 及二者的混合液(体积比4∶1)(M-L),作了合成木质素铁铬盐的研究。并与酸性亚硫酸盐法木浆废液(Ca-L)及亚硫酸氢镁法苇浆废液(Mg-L)的合成木质素铁铬盐进行了比较。结果表明,浓H2SO4用量、反应温度和反应时间是反应的主要影响因素。NS-L的适宜反应条件是:反应温度:40℃;反应时间:60 min;浓H2SO4用量3/50(对50%固含量的废液)。AS-L的适宜反应条件是:反应温度:50℃,反应时间:70 min,浓H2SO4用量4/40。M-L的适宜反应条件是:反应温度:50℃;反应时间:70 min;浓H2SO4用量3/40。在各自的适宜反应条件下, 实验用各种废液合成的木质素铁铬盐,其全铁和全铬含量,都符合国家行业标准的要求,络合度的测定值为:NS-L 93.4,AS-L 93.0,Mg-L 90.0,M-L 86.0,Ca-L 75.0。 关键词:碱性亚硫酸盐法废液;中性亚硫酸盐法废液;木质素铁铬盐;综合利用

                                   The Study on Making Lignin Ferric Chromic Salt from Alkaline and Neutral Sulfite Pulping Waste Liquor

Zhang Yun-zhan  Yu Jun-jie  Li Yuan

(Dalian Institute of Light Industry, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034)

Abstract: Aspen neutral sulfite-anthraquinone  pulping waste liquor (NS-L), larch alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone pulping waste liquor (AS-L) and the mixed waste liquor of NS-L and AS-L (volume ratio 4:1)(M-L) are used for making lignin ferric chromic salt which is compared with the lignin ferric chromic salt made with wood acidic sulfite pulping waste liquor (Ca-L) and reed magnesium bisulphite pulping waste liquor (Mg-L) in this paper. The results indicate that the charge of concentrated sulfuric-acid (98%), reaction temperature and time are the main reaction parameters. The optimum synthesis conditions of lignin ferric chromic salt with NS-L are that temperature 40℃; time 60min; the charge of concentrated sulfuric acid 3/50(volume ratio on waste liquor of 50% solid content), and with AS-L are that 50℃; 70min; 98% H2SO4 4/40, and  with M-L are that 50℃; 70min; 98% H2SO4 3/40. At the respective optimum conditions, the contents of iron and chrome of the lignin ferric chromic salts made from each waste liquors meet the requirement of national standard, and complex degrees are: NS-L 93.4%, AS-L 93.0%, Mg-L 90.0%, M-L 86.0%, Ca-L 75.0%. Key words: alkaline sulfite pulping waste liquor; neutral sulfite pulping waste liquor; lignin ferric chromic salt; comprehensive utilization

                                     碱性和中性亚硫酸盐法制浆废液作水泥减水剂的研究

张运展1  于俊杰1  张  鹏2  穆红英2

(1.大连轻工业学院,辽宁大连,116034;2.大连产品质量监督检验所,辽宁大连,116021)

摘  要:对AS-AQ法落叶松废液和NS-AQ法杨木浆废液按体积比1∶4混合的混合液(M-L)作混凝土减水剂进行了研究,并与酸性亚硫酸盐法木浆废液(Ca-L)及亚硫酸氢镁法苇浆废液(Mg-L)做了比较。结果表明,以50%固体物含量的M-L作为混凝土减水剂,当废液用量为0.25%时,混凝土的静浆流动性为9.6cm,混凝土减水率11.2%,初凝时间7.08h;终凝时间为:10.25h,3d、7d、28d的抗压强度比分别为105%、99%、103%。而废液用量为0.5%时,各指标的对应值是:10.8cm,13.4%,9.50h,14.75h,108%、111%、105%。M-L的总体效果优于Ca-L和Mg-L。

关键词:碱性亚硫酸盐法废液;中性亚硫酸盐法废液;水泥减水剂;综合利用

                                   Comprehensive Utilization of Alkaline and Neutral Sulfite Pulping Waste Liquor  Using as the Waster-Reducing Admixture of Concrete

ZHANG Yun-zhan1,  YU Jun-jie1  ZHANG Peng2  MU Hong-ying2

(1.Dalian Institute of Light Industry, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034; 2. Dalian Institute of Product Quality Supervision Inspection, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116021) Abstract: Mixed waste liquor (M-L) of aspen neutral sulfite-anthraquinone pulping waste liquor and larch alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone pulping waste liquor is used as water-reducing admixture which is compared with that made of wood acidic sulfite pulping waste liquor (Ca-L) and reed magnesium bisulphate pulping one (Mg-L) in this paper. The results indicate that using M-L (50% solid content) as the water-reducing admixture of concrete, the charge of M-L being 0.25%, the static deformation of concrete slurry: 9.6 cm, water reducing rate: 11.2%, initial setting time: 7h5 min, final setting time: 10h15min, compression strength ratio are 105%, 99% and 103% for 3 days, 7 days and 28 days respectively, and the charge being 0.5%, the corresponding values of each item are: 10.8 cm, 13.4%, 9h30min, 14h45min, 108% 111% and 105% respectively. The overall effect of using M-L as the water-reducing admixture of concrete is better than using Ca-L and Mg-L. Key words: alkaline sulfite pulping waste liquor; neutral sulfite pulping waste liquor; water-reducing admixture; comprehensive utilization

                                                             酶对二次纤维性能的改善

张素风1  王双飞2  安郁琴1

(1.陕西科技大学造纸工程学院,陕西省造纸技术及特种纸品开发重点实验室,陕西咸阳,712081;2.广西大学造纸研究所,广西南宁,530004)   摘  要:利用纤维素酶对进口旧书刊纸的纤维性能改善进行了研究,探讨了酶对二次纤维浆料滤水性能及物理性能的影响,并优化出各种酶应用条件。结果表明,利用纤维素酶处理旧书刊纸浆,在保持纸浆强度的同时,可以改善其滤水性能及物理性能,其优化条件为:温度50℃,pH值5.0,酶用量0.2%(对绝干纸浆),浆料浓度3%~4%,酶作用时间30min,在此条件下,旧书刊纸浆滤水性能可得到明显提高,游离度可提高90mL(CSF),裂断长可提高20%,撕裂指数提高16%。并且纸浆的初始游离度较低时,酶作用效果较明显。在0.2%酶用量下可使初始游离度为183mL(CSF)的浆料,游离度增加97mL(CSF),撕裂指数提高20%。 关键词:纤维素酶;二次纤维;滤水性能;物理性能

                                      Upgrading the Quality of Secondary Fiber by Using Enzyme

ZHANG Su-feng1,  WANG Shuang-fei2  AN Yu-qin1

(1.Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, 712081;2. Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004) Abstract: The old book paper was treated with a kind of commercial cellulase, the effect of cellulase on the drainage and physical properties of the pulp was studied. The results showed that the better drainage of the pulp was obtained, and the sheet strengths properties such as breaking length and tear index were improved in different degrees thanks to the treatment of the enzyme. The SEM technology evidenced the enzyme treatment effects. Key words: cellulase; secondary fiber drainage; the sheet strengths properties

                                                  阳离子改性明胶乳液的合成及应用研究

任俊莉  邱化玉  付丽红

(山东轻工业学院制浆造纸工程省级重点学科, 山东济南, 250100) 摘  要:以明胶、丙烯酰胺、阳离子单体为原料,以过硫酸钾-亚硫酸氢钠为引发体系,采用乳液聚合法合成了一系列阳离子改性明胶乳液,考察了加料方式及不同种类、不同配比的乳化剂对乳液性能的影响,同时探讨了该乳液对漂白麦草浆的应用效果。实验表明,该乳液在单体采用一次性加料方式下,使用非离子乳化剂和阳离子乳化剂复配而成的乳液对漂白麦草浆的应用效果最好,对漂白麦草浆的细小纤维和填料有很好的助留作用,并有较好的助滤效果,纸页的强度增加。

关键词:乳化剂;阳离子改性明胶乳液;应用

                                     Synthesis and Application of Cationic Modified Gelatin Latex

REN Jun-li  QIU Hua-yu  FU Li-hong

(Shandong Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100) Abstract: A series of cationic modified gelatin latex were polymerized with gelatin and acrylamide (AM) and cationic monomer (DMC) through complex initiator systems by the method of latex polymerization. At the same time, the effects of feeding methods of the monomers, different emulsifiers and the different ratio of emulsifiers on the property of the emulsion were studied in detail. In addition,the effects of cationic gelatin latex on bleached wheat straw pulp as strength agents and retention and drainage aids were studied in brief. The experiment results showed that the products can improve the strength of bleached wheat straw pulp and have positive effect on drainage and filler retention. Key words: emulsifier; cationic modified gelatin latex; paper; application

                                                    壳聚糖用作红麻全秆地膜湿强剂的研究

吴星娥  周景辉  王  井

(大连轻工业学院,辽宁大连,116034) 摘  要:通过内添加和表面施胶两种方法对红麻全秆地膜的湿强性能进行了实际应用研究。通过正交实验分析表明,壳聚糖内添加的最佳条件为:壳聚糖用量为1.5%,羧甲基纤维素用量0.1%,水溶性PVA用量1%,系统pH值为7.0,抄片温度20℃,此时干裂断长为7.1km,湿裂断长为0.67km,湿强度(W/D)达到9.44%。而利用表面施胶方法制成的红麻地膜的干、湿裂断长都有了很大的提高,而且在添加少量的无甲醛抗水剂的条件下,湿强度可接近25%,完全满足地膜的湿强性能要求。 关键词:红麻地膜;壳聚糖;湿强剂;表面施胶

                                         Chitosan: Wet Strength Agent of Kenaf Based Paper Mulch

WU Xing-e  ZHOU Jing-hui  WANG Jing

(Dalian Institute of Light Industry, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034) Abstract: Practical application study of wet strength performance of the kenaf based paper mulch where the chitosan was added into the pulp and also applied in surface sizing were carried out in this paper. The optimum internal application conditions were determined through the orthogonal experiment. The amount of chitosan was 1.5%, CMC 0.1%, soluble PVA 1%, pH value 7.0, reaction temperature 20 ℃. At the optimum conditions, the dry breaking length was 7100m, wet breaking lengthy 670m, W/D 9.44%. Furthermore, the dry breaking length and wet breaking length were improved significantly when surface sizing was used. Moreover, the wet strength could reach about 25% through adding a small quantity of water repellent agent. It can satisfy completely the requirement of wet strength performance of the kenaf based paper mulch.

Key words: kenaf mulch; chitosan; wet strength agent; surface sizing

                                                基于CFD的中浓纸浆悬浮液在变径管内流动的数值模拟

陈奇峰  陈克复  杨仁党  李  军

(华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州,510641) 摘  要:中浓纸浆悬浮液(浆浓大于10%时)的纤维网络具有明显的强度,表观粘度值较高,其在管道内低速流动时,流场分为2个区域,文中根据CFD(计算流体动力学)的数值模拟研究了中浓纸浆在变径管内的塞流流动,模拟结果和实验结果同时表明,对于中浓纸浆,当在变径管道内流动时的初始流速较小时,整个流场分为近壁面的环形区域和除环形区外的主流区域;如果流速太低,极可能造成管道内近壁区的浆料滞流,而管道中心处的纸浆流动呈“沟流”现象。

关键词:中浓纸浆;数值模拟;CFD;流动

                                              CFD Simulation of Medium-Consistency Suspension Flow in Diameter-Varying Pipeline

CHEN Qi-feng  CHNE Ke-fu  YANG Ren-dang  LI Jun

(State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510641) Abstract: The fibres network has high intensity and apparent viscosity when the mass consistency of pulp suspension is up to 10%. The fluid field is divided into two areas when medium-consistency (MC) suspension flows at low velocity in a pipeline. This paper described computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of medium-consistency suspension plug flow in diameter-varying pipeline, the simulation and experiment showed:“viscosity flow” behavior exists in the annular region near the wall and "plug flow" exists in the main region. The pulp suspension n ear the wall will stop flowing and only the pulp suspension in the center of the pipeline flows if the initial velocity is too low, it is the phenomenon called “channel flow”.

Key words: medium consistency pulp; simulation; computational fluid dynamics; flow

                                                 VB与S7-200 PLC在单网流浆箱控制系统中的应用

薛会建  王孟效  朱丹波  赵凯坤

(陕西科技大学电气与电子工程学院,陕西咸阳,712081) 摘  要:介绍了在气垫式流浆箱控制系统中应用西门子PLC S7-200和VB作控制系统的软件编程和组态工具,并且阐述了总压和浆位的解耦控制算法,介绍了上位机与S7-200的自由通讯程序,系统在实际应用中得到检验,运行良好。 关键词:流浆箱;PLC;VB;解耦;通讯

                                        Application of PLC and VB in Head Box Control System

XUE Hui-jianWANG Meng-xiao  ZHU Dan-bo  ZHAO Kai-kun

(Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, 712081) Abstract: Semens'' PLC S7-200 and VB are used as software programming tool of control system in air cushion head box, decoupling control arithmetic of total pressure and pulp level is explained. Free communication program between S7-200 and the up stream unit is introduced. The application of the control system is examined in practice and it runs very well. Key words: air cushion head b, ox; PLC; VB; decoupling control

                                               蒸汽喷射式热泵在纸机干燥部供热的应用分析

沈胜强  张  程  李素芬

(大连理工大学能源工程研究所,辽宁大连,116024)

摘  要:将蒸汽喷射式热泵引入到传统的纸机干燥部多段式供热系统之中。建立了系统的计算模型,对一个典型的纸机三段供热干燥系统进行了计算。结果表明,引入喷射泵以后的系统较之传统系统,蒸汽耗量减少10%左右,段间流动压差增加,有利于烘缸内冷凝水的排出,干燥效果也更佳。

关键词:喷射式热泵;纸页干燥;纸机

                                         Analysis of Application of Steam-Driven Ejector Heat Pump in Dryer Section of Paper Machine

SHEN Sheng-Qiang  ZHANG Cheng  LI Su-fen

(Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116024) Abstract: The steam-driven ejector heat pump is introduced into the traditionalmulti-stage heating system of dryer section of paper machine. The computer model based on VC++ was set up to simulate both the traditional and new heating system. The calculation on a dryer section with three heating stages showed that theheating system with heat pump can reduce steam consumption about 10% compared with the traditional heating system. Meanwhile, the pressure differences between the stages are increased which are of benefit to the discharge of condensate from dryers and drying efficiency.

Key words: ejector heat pump; paper drying; paper machine

                                                     13C-NMR分析漆酶处理木素的结构特征

魏华丽1  石淑兰1,2  裴继诚1

(1.天津科技大学材料科学与化学工程学院,天津,300222;2.中国科学院广州化学研究所纤维素化学重点实验室,广州,510650) 摘  要:利用13C-NMR技术对漆酶、漆酶/介体体系处理前后枫香木酶解木素进行结构分析。结果表明,经漆酶/介体体系(LMS)处理后,木素的部分β-O-4结构发生醚键断裂,脱甲基或脱甲氧基反应发生,根据结构变化推断反应过程中紫丁香基型结构优先反应;经漆酶处理后,木素单位苯环的羰基含量和甲氧基含量增加。

关键词:漆酶; 漆酶/介体体系;13C-NMR;木素结构

                                                       Analysis of Laccase Treated Lignin Structure by 13C-NMR

WEI Hua-li1,  SHI Shu-lan1,2  PEI Ji-cheng1

(1. Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300222; 2. Key Lab of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510650)

Abstract: CEL of sweet gum before and after the treatment with laccase and LMS is analyzed by 13C-NMR method. It is found that ether bonds in β-O-4 type structure break down partly, and demethylation or demethoxylation occurs, and syringyl  structure is preferential to take part in the reaction after LMS treatment. On the other hand, C=O content and -OCH3 content in lignin increase after laccase treatment.

Key words: laccase; laccase/mediator system; 13C-NMR; lignin structure

                                                  三色革裥菌胞外漆酶发酵条件及部分特性研究

林丽萍  赵  敏

(东北林业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市,150040) 摘  要:对三色革裥菌(Lenzites tricolor)漆酶的性质进行了初步研究,得到该酶最适反应温度为40 ℃,最适反应pH值为6.0。并通过正交实验研究了碳源、氮源、木素类似物以及初始pH值对该菌产胞外漆酶的影响。得到最佳培养基为:淀粉20g/L,牛肉蛋白胨2.0g/L, Na2HPO4•12H2O 0.47g/L, KH2PO4 0.45g/L, MgSO4•7H2O 0.5g/L,CaCl2 0.01g/L,MnSO4•4H2O 0.001g/L,FeSO4•7H2O 0.001g/L,ZnSO4•7H2O 0.001g/L,CuSO4•5H2O 0.001g/L,愈创木酚0.062g/L及VB1 50μg,高压灭菌后pH值约 5.0。在此基础上检测了不同培养方式下漆酶活性、菌丝绝干质量、残糖量及pH值变化情况,确定最佳培养方式为母液和发酵液均为静置培养。

关键词:三色革裥菌;胞外漆酶;正交试验;培养方式

                                             Characters and Fermentation Condition of Extracellular Laccase from Lenzites Tricolor

LIN Li-ping  ZHAO Min

(Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150040) Abstract: The characters of crude extracellular laccase from Lenzites tricolor were studied. And the results showed that its optimum reaction temperature is 40℃ and the optimum reaction pH value is 6.0. The effect of carbon resource, nitrogen resource, lignin-like substances and initial pH value on the production of extracellular laccase from Lenzites tricolor was investigated by orthogonal experiment. The optimum laccase producing medium is (g/L): starch 20, beef peptone 2, Na2HPO4•12H2O 0.47, KH2PO4 0.45, MgSO4•7H2O 0.5, CaCl2 0.01, MnSO4•4H2O 0.001, FeSO4•7H2O 0.001, ZnSO4•7H2O 0.001, CuSO4•5H2O 0.001, guaiacol 0.062, VB1 50μg and pH 5.0. The change of the laccase activity, the dry weight of mycelium, the residual sugar content and the pH value in different cultivation means were examined. Static means is the best cultivation for the growth of the seed and fermentation. Key words: Lenzites tricolor; extracellular laccase; orthogonal experiment; fermentation means

                                                    荻自催化乙醇制浆反应动力学的研究

张美云

(陕西科技大学,陕西咸阳,712081)

摘  要:对荻自催化乙醇法蒸煮脱木素动力学进行了研究。结果表明,荻乙醇制浆脱木素反应为一级反应。木素大量脱除阶段和木素残余脱除阶段的反应活化能分别为77.13 kJ/mol和156.7 kJ/mol,高于KP法,低于桉木、云杉、甘蔗渣自催化乙醇法。

关键词:反应动力学 ;乙醇制浆;反应常数;活化能

                                               Studied on the Delignification Kinetics of Silvergrass in Auto-Catalyzed Ethanol-Water Pulping Zhang Mei-yun

(Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, 712081)

Abstract: In this paper, the delignification kinetics of silvergrass in auto-catalyzed ethanol-water pulping was studied. It was showed that the delignification of silvergrass occurred in two phases: principal delignification and residual lignin removal, and the delignification reaction followed a first order reaction The calculated Arrhenius activation energy Ep (principal phase) and Er (residual phase) were 77.13kJ/mol and 156.7 kJ/mol respectively. Key words: silvergrass; delignification kinetics; ethanol-water pulping; activation energy

                                                         龙须草生物化学制浆的中试研究

彭源德1  刘正初1  邹冬生2  冯湘沅1  肖坤成3

李念军3  邓硕苹1  段盛文1  刘向华2  郑  科1

(1.中国农业科学院麻类研究所,湖南长沙,410006;2.湖南农业大学,湖南长沙,410000;3.湖南省花垣县科技局,湖南花垣,413200) 摘  要:对“龙须草生物化学制浆技术”进行了中试研究。确定了龙须草生物化学制浆的工艺流程为:备料→配液→草料接种→湿润发酵→洗涤→轧干→脱壳→ 打浆→筛浆(粗、细)→沉渣→漂白→磨浆→制板;与常规化学制浆方法相比,龙须草生物化学制浆技术虽然发酵周期较长,生产场地较大,但具有生产成本低、纤维产量高、纤维品质好和环境污染轻等特点。其中,工艺辅料减少54.55%;动力能耗节省33.80%;生产成本降低23.45%;细浆得率提高5个百分点;撕裂指数、耐破指数和抗张指数分别提高41%、25.7%和5.9%。

关键词:龙须草;生物化学制浆;中试

                                                             Pilot Trial of Bio-Chemical Puling of Eulaliopsis Binata

PENG Yuan-de1,  LIU Zheng-chu1  ZOU Dong-sheng2  FENG Xiang-yuan1  XIAO Kun-cheng3 LI Nian-jun3  DENG Shuo-ping1  DUAN Sheng-wen1  LIU Xiang-hua2  ZHENG Ke1

(1.Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hu′nan Province,410006  2.Hu′nan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hu′nan Province, 410000  3.Hu′nan Province Huayuan County Sci-Tech Bureau,Huayuan, Hu′nan Province,413200)

Abstract:This article described the pilot trial of bio-chemical pulping of Eulaliopsis Binata.The process was :material preparation→bacteria solution preparation→inoculation→fermentation→washing→squeezing→shell-releasing→beating→pulp→screening→residue depositing→bleaching→refining→pulp board making.Compared with traditional chemical process,the new one required a longer period for fermentation and more workshop,but it was of advantages such as low cost,high output and fiber quantity,low pollution and etc.The auxiliary reagent demand,energy consumption and cost was reduced by 54.55%,33.80%and 23.45% respectively.The tear index,burst index and the tensile index was increased by 41%,25.7% and 5.9% respectively.The screened pulp yield could be increased by 5 percentages.Keywords:Eulaliopsis binata;bio-chemical pulping;middle scale trial production

                                                   蒽醌在硫酸盐制浆中的溶解特性及对蒸煮的影响

柴欣生1,2  付时雨1,  侯庆喜3  S.-H.Yoon2  詹怀宇1

(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州,510640; 2.乔治亚理工大学造纸研究所,500 10thStreet,亚特兰大,GA30332,美国; 3.天津科技大学 天津市制浆造纸重点实验室,天津,300222)

摘  要:研究了蒽醌(AQ)在含木素的碱性溶液中表观“溶解”性——即AQ被分散成细微颗粒,并根据其质量传递机制研究了在硫酸盐蒽醌法蒸煮中蒽醌的作用效果。研究发现,AQ可明显“溶于”含木素的碱性溶液,当溶液中木素的含量达到40g/L,在温度90℃时, AQ的溶解度达到0.14g/L,但是溶解速度较慢。在碱性溶液中, 蒽醌细微颗粒可被木片吸附,吸附在木片表面上的蒽醌细微颗粒可进一步被木片中的还原基团还原, 形成高表面浓度的、完全溶解的蒽氢醌(AHQ), 并渗入木片内部,从而加速蒸煮过程木素的溶出。

关键词:硫酸盐制浆;AQ;AQS;脱木素;溶解木素

                                              Study of AQ Effectiveness during Kraft-AQ Pulping

CHAI Xin-sheng1,2  FU Shi-yu1,*  HOU Qing-xi3  S.-H Yoon2  ZHAN Huai-yu1

(1. State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640; 2. Institute of Pulp Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th Street,NW,Atlanta,GA 30332, USA;3.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin,300222)

Abstract: Studies of the effectiveness of AQ in kraft-AQ pulping in terms of its mechanism of mass transport were conducted. Experiments showed an apparent solubility of anthraquinone (AQ) in caustic solutions containing wood lignin, the solubility of AQ in a caustic solution containing 40 g/L dissolved lignin can be up to 0.14 g/L at 90℃. However, its “dissolution” is a slow process, even taking up to 30 minutes for complete “dissolution”. The adsorption behavior of AQ micro particles was also observed. It concluded that AQ “dissolving” and adsorption play an important role in alkaline delignification process. Some explanations for unexplained observations and suggestions are proposed.

Key words: kraft; soda pulping; AQ; AQS; delignification; dissolved lignin; carbohydrates

                                                 钯/炭催化剂对碱木质素还原反应的催化作用

方桂珍  李丽英  任世学

(东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨,150040) 摘  要:采用甲醛还原法制备钯/炭(Pd/C)催化剂,考察了以Pd/C为催化剂,以环己烯为氢给予体的催化体系对麦秆碱木质素还原反应的催化作用,用化学法对反应前后碱木质素官能团进行了定量测定,用FTIR、UV和1H NMR光谱对木质素化学结构进行了分析。结果表明,

Pd/C催化剂对碱木质素还原反应具有较高的催化活性,碱木质素总羟基含量增加了46.95%,酚羟基含量增加了33.74%,醇羟基含量增加了63.93%;甲氧基含量降低了17.73%,羧基含 量降低了53.41%,总酸性基变化不大,木质素的苯环结构稳定,活性官能团增加,反应活性提高,Pd/C催化剂对木质素还原活化反应具有良好的催化作用。

关键词:钯/炭催化剂;碱木质素;还原反应;活化

                                      Catalytic Effect of Pd/C Catalyst on Deoxidizing of Straw Alkali Lignin

FANG Gui-zhen  LI Li-ying  REN Shi-xue

(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,Heilongjiang Province,150040)

Abstract: The Pd/C catalyst was prepared by formaldehyde deoxidation method andthe catalytic effect of active carbon supported palladium on the deoxidizing reaction of alkali lignin from the straw was investigated. The functional groups of the straw alkali lignin were determined quantitatively befor and after reaction ,the chemical structure of the lignin was analyzed by means of FTIR,UV and 1H-NMR.The results indicated that the Pd/C catalyst had better catalytic effect on the deoxidizing reaction of straw alkali lignin. It was found that the content of total hydroxyl increased 49.95 %,the phenolic hydroxyl increased 33.74 %,the aliphatic hydroxyl increased 63.93%,on the other hand the methoxyl group decreased 17.73%;the content of carboxyl reduced 53.41% and the total acidic group had little changes;the phenyl structure of lignin was steady.The active functional group of alkali lignin was increased so that the reactive activity was enhanced.

Key words: Pd/C catalyst;alkali lignin;reductive reaction;activate

                                                   添加多硫化钠的马尾松硫酸盐法蒸煮特性

时留新  翟华敏  李忠正

(南京林业大学化学工程学院,南京,210037) 摘  要:研究了添加多硫化钠硫酸盐法蒸煮的特性。结果表明,多硫化钠用量、小保温温度以及小保温时间对马尾松纸浆的得率、卡伯值和粘度均有较明显的影响。在一定范围内,增加多硫化钠用量,采用相对合理的较高的小保温温度以及适当延长小保温时间有益于提高纸浆得率,改善脱木质素的选择性。

关键词:马尾松;多硫化钠;脱木质素选择性;深度脱木质素

                                          Characteristic of the Delignification of Pinus massoniana in KP-PS/AQ Process

SHI Liu-xin  ZHAI Hua-min  LI Zhong-zheng

(College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210037)

Abstract: This paper deals with the effects of polysulfide on the KP-PS/AQ of Pinus massoniana. The results show that polysulfide charge, temperature and time at the temperature during cooking process had an obvious effect on the pulp yield, Kappa number and viscosity.  A proper high polysulfide dosage, high temperature  and long time at this temperature during the cooking process are beneficial to the pulp yield and the selectivity of delignification.  Thus they improved the selectivity of delignification and can extend delignification. The influence of polysulfide is based on a specific oxidation of the reducing end groups to carboxyl group via glucosone  intermediates.

Key words: Pinus massoniana, polysulfide, selectivity of delignification, extended delignification

                                                 对碱性和中性亚硫酸盐法制浆废液综合利用的探讨

于俊杰  张运展  崔  丽

(大连轻工业学院,辽宁大连,116034)

摘  要:从综合利用的角度出发,对比了AS-AQ法落叶松蒸煮废液(AS-L)、NS-AQ法杨木蒸煮废液(NS-L)及二者按1∶4体积比混合而成的废液(M-L),与钙盐基酸性亚硫酸盐法木浆蒸煮废液(Ca-L)和亚硫酸氢镁法苇浆蒸煮废液(Mg-L)的组成成分、表面活性、废液粘度等基本性质,也对作为粘结剂、木素铁铬盐、水泥减水剂等应用性质进行了比较。与Ca-L和Mg-L相比,AS-L、NS-L和M-L的无机物含量高20%~30%,木素磺酸盐含量较Ca-L和Mg-L低2~4个百分点,废液粘度远低于Ca-L和Mg-L,但表面活性高于Ca-L和Mg-L。将固含量为50%的废液直接用作锌矿粉的粘结剂、合成油田钻井用木素铁铬盐及水泥减水剂,AS-L、NS-L和M-L的使用效果都相当于或优于Ca-L和Mg-L。

关键词:碱性亚硫酸盐法;中性亚硫酸盐法;制浆废液;综合利用

                                   Discussion on the Comprehensive Utilization of Alkaline and Neutral Sulfite Pulping Waste Liquors

YU Jun-jie  ZHANG Yun-zhan  CUI Li (Dalian Institute of Light Industry, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034) Abstract: Some basic properties including compositions, surface activity, viscosity and some performances using as adhesive, lignin ferric chromic salt, the water reducer of concrete of the larch AS-AQ pulping waste liquor (AS-L), aspen NS-AQ pulping waster liquor (NA-L), mixed waste liquor (M-L)  of AS-L and NS-L (volume ratio 1∶4) are compared with the wood calcium base acidic sulfite pulping waster liquor (Ca-L) and reed magnesium bisulfite pulping waste liquor (Mg-L). Comparing with Ca-L and Mg-L, the inorganic contents of AS-L, NS-L, and M-L are 20 %~30% higher, lignosulfonate content is 2~4 percent lower, waste viscosity is much lower, and surface activity is higher. When the water liquor containing 50% solid content are directly used as the adhesive of zinc fine ore, and lignin ferric chromic salt, the results of AS-L, NS-L and M-L are similar or superior to Ca-L and Mg-L. Key words: alkaline sulfite process; neutral sulfite process; pulping waste liquor; comprehensive utilization

                                                               造纸废水中痕量组分的分析

田英姿  陈克复  李  军

(华南理工大学造纸与环境工程学院,广州,510641) 摘  要:采用液-液萃取气相色谱法、吹扫捕集气相色谱法以及液-液萃取微电量滴定EOX法对造纸废水中的五氯酚PCP(Pentachlorophenol)进行了测定研究。研究结果表明,①不同原料不同漂白工艺PCP含量差别较大,以CEH三段漂白条件下就C段废水中对甘蔗渣、芦苇、马尾松等浆料废水的测定结果来看,马尾松为原料的废水中PCP含量较大。②对废水中半挥发性或不挥发性组分的痕量分析用液-液萃取微电量滴定法较好,对挥发性较强的组分用吹扫捕集气相色谱法,而对含量较低的挥发性或半挥发性组分采用液-液气相色谱法测定为佳。  

关键词:造纸废水;痕量;PCP

                                                Trace Analysis of Pulping Effluent

TIAN Ying-zhi  CHEN Ke-fu  LI Jun(School of Paper and Environmental Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou,Guangdong Province, 510641)

Abstract: The applications of liquid-liquid extraction coupled with gas chromatography,purge-and-trap coupled with gas chromatography and liquid-liquid extraction coupled with micro-coulometric titration to determine the priority pollutants Pentachlorophenol (PCP) in pulping effluent were studied.PCP was shown on the list as the environment pollutants issued by the Chinese authority. In Unite States,PCP was considered as incretion disorganized substance by EPA and forbidden to dischange to environment.The research results were shown as follows.(1) Thecontent of PCP was very different when different raw materials and different bleaching processes were used. From the measuring results of the waste water obtained from the C stage of CEH bleaching sequence using the bagasse,reed and pine as pulping material,the PCP content in waste water of pine material was the highest. (2) For trace analysis of half volatility compound and non volatility compound in waste water, it was better to apply liquid-liquid extraction coupled with micro-coulometric titration.As for high volatility compound the purge-and-trap coupled with gas chromatography was proved favorable.However,liquid-liquid ext raction coupled with gas chromatography was applicable if the content  of half volatility compou nd and non volatility compound was lower. Keywords: pulping effluent;trace;PCP

                                                                基于小波奇异性的纸病检测

徐志鹏  须文波

(江南大学信息工程学院,江苏无锡,214036) 摘  要:讨论了在纸幅随机纹理背景下纸病的检测,提出利用纸病处的奇异性来区分其和背景纹理。首先使用光滑函数与纸病信号进行卷积运算,然后选取能够保留纸病奇异性特征且同时削弱随机纹理所产生起伏的适当尺度下的信号,并对其实施进一步小波变换,去除大部分纹理起伏所对应的极大值线,最后利用极大值线与纵轴相交的截距来判断纸病。

关键词:随机纹理;纸病检测;奇异性;小波变换模极大值;光滑函数

                                            Paper Defects Detection Based on Singularity Characterization

XU Zhi-peng  XU Wen-bo

(School of Information Technology ,Southern Yangtze University,Wuxi,JiangSu Province,214036)

Abstract: This paper describes the paper defects detection in stochastic textures. Paper defects can be distinguished from the background texture by singularity characterization. The original signals with paper defects are convoluted with the smooth function firstly, then some signals are selected which both preserve the singularity of paper defects and weaken small signal fluctuations . Then a wavelet transform is applied to the selecbecl signals.The most of wavelet fransform modulus maxima lines corresponding to the stochastic textures are removed . Finally the intercept of maxima lines is utilized to estimate paper defects. Key words: stochastic textures;paper defects detection; singularity characterization; wavelet transform modulus maxima; smooth function

                                                            有机溶剂制浆技术研究进展

许  凤1,2  孙润仓1  詹怀宇1

(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室,广州,510640;2.齐齐哈尔大学,黑龙江齐齐哈尔,161006)

摘  要:介绍了有机溶剂制浆方法中研究较多的醇类制浆法,如Alcell法、ASAM法和MD Organocell法,以及近年来发展迅速的有机酸法中的甲酸和乙酸法的制浆工艺及特点。

关键词:有机溶剂;有机醇类制浆;有机酸法制浆

                                                       Progress of Organosolv Pulping

XU Feng1,2,  SUN Run-cang1  ZHAN Huai-yu1

(1.State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640; 2. Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, 161006) Abstract: The worldwide market for cellulose pulp is dominated by that produced by means of kraft process. During the past few decades, many alternative puling methods were introduced all over the world. One group of the most promising methods is called organosolv methods. These solvent-based processes utilize organicsolvents, such as acids or alcohols, as cooking chemicals. The characteristics and the progress of organosolv pulping including Alcell, ASAM, MD Organocell process and formic acid or acetic acid pulping were introduced in this paper. Key words: organosolv pulping; Alcell process; ASAM process; acetic acid pulping

                                               造纸工业中二恶英污染的形成和控制措施

陈壁波  李友明  李  辉  李新生

(华南理工大学造纸与污染控制国家工程研究中心,广州,510640)

摘  要:二恶英是一类毒性极强的物质,二恶英污染是关系到造纸工业发展的战略性问题。在整个造纸工艺过程中,二英污染物不仅存在于纸浆、纸厂污泥和纸品中,还存在于植物纤维材料的防腐剂中。因此,弄清二恶英在造纸工业中的来源和形成机理是降低二恶英污染物 的关键。文中从造纸工业中二恶英污染物来源、产生和形成机理等方面讨论了二恶英污染物 的控制。指出了从源头控制,减少含氯漂白剂的使用,使用氧脱木素、过氧化氢漂白、臭氧 漂白、酶漂、其他ECF和TCF漂白工艺是消除二恶英污染的根本途径。

关键词:二恶英;来源;形成;控制;对策;造纸工业

                                                Formation and Control Measure of Dioxin Pollution in Papermaking Industry

CHEN Bi-bo  LI You-ming  LI Hui  LI Xin-sheng

(National Engineering Research Center of Papermaking and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangdong Province, 510640) Abstract: Dioxin is believed as one of the most poisonous substances. Dioxin pollution is strategic problem for paper industry further developoment and must be solved. In papermaking industry, dioxin not only exists in pulp, sludge, paper products, but also in the volatile of woods, chips or other non-wood fiber material which are treated with the aromatic compounds to avoid getting rotten. To find out the source and formation mechanism of dioxin is the key to decrease the dioxin pollution in papermaking industry. This paper discussed the control measure of dioxin from different aspects, such as source, formation mechanism etc., and pointed out that the fundamental measures to eliminate the pollution of dioxin is to control the origin, decrease or completely give up the use of chlorine containing bleaching agents, advocate the application of oxygen delignification, hydrogen peroxide bleaching, ozone bleaching, biobleaching and other Elemental Chlorine Free and Total Chlorine Free bleaching. Key words: dioxin; source; formation; control; countermeasure; papermaking industry

                                                        漆酶在制浆造纸中的应用研究进展

张爱萍  秦梦华  徐清华

(山东轻工业学院制浆造纸工程省级重点学科,山东济南,250100) 摘  要:漆酶是一种多酚氧化酶,参与木素的降解或聚合,具有氧化木素的能力,在制浆造纸中的应用已拓展到脱墨、漂白、制浆、废水处理、增加湿强性能等诸多方面。本文综述了近年来漆酶在制浆造纸工业中的应用研究进展。

关键词:漆酶;脱墨;漂白;湿强

                                                    Application of Laccase in Pulp and Paper Industry

ZHANG Ai-ping  QIN Meng-hua  XU Qing-hua

(Shandong Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Shandong Institute of Light Industry, Ji''nan, Shandong Province, 250100) Abstract: Laccase (EC 1.10.3.2) is a polyphenolic oxidase. It can oxidate lignin and participate in the degradation or polymerization of lignin. It has been broadly used in different areas of pulp and paper industry, such as deinking, bleaching, pulping, treating waster water, enhancing wet strength of paper and so on In this paper, the application of laccase in pulp and paper industry is reviewed.

Key words: laccase; deinking; bleaching; wet strength

                                                                    酶制剂在制浆工业中的应用

周学飞

(昆明理工大学,云南昆明,650224) 摘  要:讨论了酶制剂在制浆工业中的应用。其中包括在原木剥皮、制浆、纸浆改性、废纸脱墨、漂白、造纸废水氯化有机物处理等方面的应用情况。

关键词:酶制剂;制浆

                                                        Progress of Enzymes Application in Pulping Industry

ZHOU Xue-fei

(Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650224) Abstract: Application of enzymes in pulping as well as in wastewater treatment is reviewed, including pulpwood debarking, bio-chemical pulping,bio-mechanical pulping, pulp property modification, wastepaper deinking, bleaching, treatment of chloroorganics. Key words: enzyme; pulping;application

                                                            纤维素溶剂研究现状及应用前景

吴翠玲1,2  李新平1  秦胜利3

(1.陕西科技大学,陕西咸阳,712081;2.兰州理工大学,甘肃兰州,730050;3.广东轻工职业技术学院,广州,510300) 摘  要:对传统纤维素溶剂和目前研究开发的几种新溶剂体系的溶解机理和特点作了综述。特别对纤维素溶剂N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NMMO)的溶剂特点、溶解机理和溶解工艺等作了重点介绍。

关键词:纤维素;溶剂;N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NMMO)

                                                 Cellulose Solvent: Current Research Status and Its Application Prospect

WU Cui-ling1,2,  LI Xin-ping1  QIN Sheng-li3

(1. Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, 712081; 2. Lanzhou University of Science and Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730050; 3. Guangdong Industry Technical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510300)

Abstract: The mechanism and character of dissolving cellulose with conventional and new developed solvent system are reviewed in the paper. Among these solvents, N-methyl morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) is emphatically introduced owing to its advantages. Key words: cellulose; solvent; N-methyl morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO)

                                              二恶英对人类健康的危害及造纸工业的对策

许延利1  刘秉钺2  项学敏1  周集体1

(1.大连理工大学环境与生命学院,大连,116024; 2.大连轻工业学院,大连,116034)

摘  要:二恶英是强致癌物质,其在环境中的半衰期长达10~20年,是危害性很大的环境激素,可通过食物链进入人体,在动物和人的脂肪中蓄积,对人体健康构成严重威胁。本文介绍了二恶英的命名、结构、性质、来源以及对人体健康的影响,同时介绍了制浆造纸工业控 制和减少二恶英的技术措施。

关键词:二恶英;环境优先污染物;造纸工业;控制对策;AOX  

                                    Harmful Effects of Dioxins on Human Health and Measures to Reduce Dioxins in Papermaking Industry

XU Yan-li1,  LIU Bing-yue2  XIANG Xue-min1  ZHOU Ji-ti1

(1. School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116024;2.Dalian Institute of Light Industry, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116034 )

Abstract: This article reviews the names, structures, characters of dioxins, and its effects on human health. It is reported that dioxins are mutagenic, carcinogenic, which can easily accumulate in the food chain, and result health problem of human being. As papermaking industry is one of the dioxin sources, effectivemeasures and techniques were introduced to prevent and reduce the formation of dioxins from papermaking industry. Key words: effect of dioxins; priority pollutant; papermaking industry; reducing measures; AOX

                                                  木质素基吸附材料的研究进展

范  娟1  詹怀宇1  刘明华2

(1.华南理工大学制浆造纸工程国家重点实验室;广州,510640;2.福州大学资源与环境工程系,福州,350002) 摘  要:木质素结构中含有芳环、脂肪族侧链和许多活性官能团,具有一定的离子交换与吸附性能。工业木质素主要源于制浆造纸业的副产物,通过改性可以制备各种功能不一的木质素基吸附材料。本文综述了木质素的吸附性能和国内外木质素基吸附材料的研究进展,分析存在的问题和难点,探索今后的研究方向。

关键词:木质素;吸附材料;吸附性能

                                                  Progress in Research on Lignin-Based Adsorption Material

FAN Juan1,  ZHAN Huai-yu1  LIU Ming-hua2

(1. State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510640;2.Department of Environment and Resources Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350002)

Abstract: Lignin consists of both aromatic and aliphatic portions containing many active functional groups, which suggests some ion exchange and adsorption properties. Technical lignin is mainly obtained as a byproduct from pulp and paper industry. By modification, lignin can be utilized to prepare lignin-based adsorbing materials with different functions. The adsorption property of lignin and the progress in the research on lignin-based adsorption material are reviewed in detail. In addition, the problems and difficulties involved are discussed, and some suggestions on the research of lignin-based adsorption material are presented.

Key words: lignin; adsorption material;adsorption property
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